Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Dose-Response Relationship: Potency and Efficacy

Dose-Response Relationship: Potency and Efficacy

The potency of a drug is the measure of its ability to produce a biological response and can be compared by looking at the half-maximum effective concentration or EC50 values of different drugs. A lower EC50 value indicates higher potency of the drug. In the dose–response curve of two antihypertensive drugs, candesartan and irbesartan, a significant difference is observed in their EC50 values. A lower EC50 value for candesartan indicates that it is more potent than irbesartan, as it produces...

Directly Acting Muscle Relaxants: Dantrolene and Botulinum Toxin

Directly Acting Muscle Relaxants: Dantrolene and Botulinum Toxin

Directly acting muscle relaxants like dantrolene and botulinum toxin (BoNT) have distinct mechanisms and applications. Dantrolene, a hydantoin derivative, acts on the ryanodine receptor (RYR1) in skeletal muscle cells. RYR1 are calcium channels present at the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane. In response to excitation, they release calcium ions from the sarcoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol. Calcium promotes actin-myosin-mediated contraction of muscles.
The binding of dantrolene to the RYR1...

Dose-Response Relationship: Overview

Dose-Response Relationship: Overview

Agonists can bind with and activate receptors, resulting in the formation of drug-receptor complexes. Once formed, these complexes catalyze many biochemical processes at the cellular level and subsequently induce a pharmacologic response. The degree of response is directly proportional to the fraction of activated receptors, which in turn, depends on the concentration of the drug at the receptor site as well as the sensitivity of the receptor. An increase in the administered dose contributes to...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Safety and Efficacy of TrenibotulinumtoxinE for Moderate-to-Severe Glabellar Lines: A Phase 2b, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Escalation Study.

Aesthetic surgery journal·2026

Same author

A Multicenter National Study of AL Amyloidosis in China: Insights Into Real-World Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognosis.

American journal of hematology·2026

Same author

Changes in Gait Kinematics with Continuous Intrathecal Baclofen Infusion for Spasticity After Acquired Brain Injury: A Comparison of Implanted and Non-Implanted Cohorts.

NeuroRehabilitation·2026

Same author

Longitudinal Computed Tomographic Evaluation of Mandibular Bone Morphology Following OnabotulinumtoxinA Treatment of Masseter Muscle Prominence: Results of a 12-Month, Repeat-Treatment, Placebo-Controlled Study in Healthy Adults.

Aesthetic surgery journal·2026

Same author

A real-world multicenter study of first-line zanubrutinib-based therapy for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

Leukemia & lymphoma·2026

Same author

Rare <i>NUP98::SETBP1</i> fusion transcript in a refractory adult T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma.

American journal of cancer research·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Isokinetic Robotic Device to Improve Test-Retest and Inter-Rater Reliability for Stretch Reflex Measurements in Stroke Patients with Spasticity

Isokinetic Robotic Device to Improve Test-Retest and Inter-Rater Reliability for Stretch Reflex Measurements in Stroke Patients with Spasticity

Published on: June 12, 2019

Dose response with onabotulinumtoxinA for post-stroke spasticity: a pooled data analysis.

Stuart A Yablon¹, Mitchell F Brin, Amanda M VanDenburgh

¹Baylor Institute for Rehabilitation, Dallas, Texas 75246, USA. doctory@earthlink.net

Movement Disorders : Official Journal of the Movement Disorder Society

|October 21, 2010

Summary

OnabotulinumtoxinA effectively reduces post-stroke upper limb spasticity, with higher doses yielding greater muscle tone improvements. The study identified optimal onabotulinumtoxinA doses for specific muscles, indicating a saturating dose-response effect.

More Related Videos

Repeated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Action Observation Training in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy

Repeated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Action Observation Training in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy

Published on: August 9, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Isokinetic Robotic Device to Improve Test-Retest and Inter-Rater Reliability for Stretch Reflex Measurements in Stroke Patients with Spasticity

Isokinetic Robotic Device to Improve Test-Retest and Inter-Rater Reliability for Stretch Reflex Measurements in Stroke Patients with Spasticity

Published on: June 12, 2019

Repeated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Action Observation Training in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy

Repeated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Combined with Action Observation Training in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy

Published on: August 9, 2024

Area of Science:

Neurology
Rehabilitation Medicine
Pharmacology

Background:

Post-stroke spasticity affects upper limb function.
OnabotulinumtoxinA is a treatment for spasticity, but dose-response data is limited.
Understanding muscle-specific dosing is crucial for effective treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize the dose-response relationship of onabotulinumtoxinA for muscle tone in specific upper limb muscles post-stroke.
To identify optimal onabotulinumtoxinA dosages for treating spasticity in individual muscle groups.

Main Methods:

Pooled individual patient data from seven multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials.
Analyzed 544 post-stroke patients (362 onabotulinumtoxinA, 182 placebo).
Assessed muscle tone using Ashworth Scale score change at week 6 (AshworthCBL) for specific muscles (FCR, FCU, FDS, FDP, BB).

Main Results:

Increasing onabotulinumtoxinA doses correlated with greater AshworthCBL improvements, showing a saturating dose-response.
Maximal response (Emax) values varied by muscle: FCR (-1.48), FCU (-1.48), FDS (-0.63), FDP (-0.77), BB (-0.61).
Estimated doses for a 1-point AshworthCBL decrease: FCR (22.5U), FCU (18.4U), FDS (66.3U), FDP (42.5U).

Conclusions:

OnabotulinumtoxinA demonstrates a saturating dose-response effect on muscle tone in post-stroke spasticity.
Findings suggest potentially effective onabotulinumtoxinA doses for selected upper limb muscles.
This data aids in optimizing treatment strategies for post-stroke spasticity.