Chronic granulocytic leukaemia. A study of 160 cases

Area of Science:

• Hematology
• Oncology
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Chronic granulocytic leukaemia (CGL) is the most prevalent leukaemia in adult Indian populations.
• Understanding CGL epidemiology and outcomes in India is crucial for public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

• To analyze the clinical characteristics, treatment, and survival outcomes of CGL patients in India.
• To identify key factors influencing CGL prognosis in the Indian context.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective review of 183 CGL patient records diagnosed between 1975 and 1985.
• Analysis of patient demographics, presenting symptoms, physical examination findings, treatment modalities, and survival data.
• Busulphan therapy with total leucocyte count monitoring was the primary treatment approach.

Main Results:

• The median age at diagnosis was 40.5 years.
• Common presenting symptoms included weakness, left upper abdominal fullness, and fever.
• Splenomegaly (90%) and hepatomegaly (48%) were frequent findings.
• The median survival was 33 months from diagnosis, with 87 deaths recorded.
• Blast crisis accounted for 72% of fatalities.

Conclusions:

• CGL in India presents with specific demographic and clinical features.
• Busulphan therapy demonstrated a median survival of 33 months, highlighting the significant impact of blast crisis.
• Further research into improved CGL management strategies in India is warranted.