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Pseudohyperaldosteronism from liquorice-containing laxatives.

M Scali¹, C Pratesi, M C Zennaro

¹Istituto di Semeiotica Medica, University of Padova, Italy.

Journal of Endocrinological Investigation

|November 1, 1990

Summary

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Chronic laxative use containing liquorice can cause pseudohyperaldosteronism, leading to hypertension and hypokalemia. This diagnosis is often retrospective, highlighting the need to consider laxative abuse in affected patients.

Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Gastroenterology

Background:

Pseudohyperaldosteronism is a condition mimicking hyperaldosteronism, often caused by external factors.
Chronic ingestion of certain substances can disrupt the body's electrolyte balance and hormonal regulation.

Observation:

Four patients presented with hypertension and hypokalemia.
These symptoms were linked to the chronic use of laxatives containing liquorice.
Diagnostic workup revealed suppressed plasma renin activity and aldosterone levels.

Findings:

The cases demonstrate that liquorice-induced pseudohyperaldosteronism can present similarly to primary hyperaldosteronism.
Diagnosis relied on retrospective identification of liquorice ingestion as the causative agent.
Key biochemical markers included hypokalemia and suppressed renin-aldosterone axis.

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Implications:

Clinicians should consider liquorice-induced pseudohyperaldosteronism in patients with unexplained hypertension and hypokalemia.
Excluding this iatrogenic cause can prevent unnecessary and invasive diagnostic procedures.
Awareness of this condition is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management of electrolyte imbalances.