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Defining the Role Of Language in Infants' Object Categorization with Eye-tracking Paradigms
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Published on: February 8, 2019

Evidence for cortical automaticity in rule-based categorization.

Sebastien Helie1, Jessica L Roeder, F Gregory Ashby

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California 93106-9660, USA. helie@psych.ucsb.edu

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
|October 22, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rule-based category learning shifts from subcortical to cortical systems with extensive practice. Initially involving the caudate nucleus, automaticity emerges in the prefrontal cortex, particularly the premotor cortex, for efficient categorization.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Rule-based category learning involves a network including the prefrontal cortex and medial temporal lobe.
  • Automaticity in rule-based tasks, developing with extensive practice, suggests a shift in neural systems from initial learning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the neural systems supporting early and late stages of rule-based categorization performance.
  • To investigate the neural changes associated with the development of automaticity in rule-based tasks.

Main Methods:

  • Human participants practiced a rule-based categorization task for over 10,000 trials across 20 sessions.
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to scan participants during sessions 1, 4, 10, and 20 to monitor brain activity.

Main Results:

  • Cortical activation remained stable throughout training.
  • Subcortical activation, specifically in the striatum, increased with practice.
  • Only cortical activation correlated with accuracy after extensive training.

Conclusions:

  • Rule-based categorization initially relies on a subcortical system centered in the caudate nucleus.
  • With extensive practice, this shifts to a cortical system in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, eventually centering on the premotor cortex for automatic performance.