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Formation of the Platelet Plug

Formation of the Platelet Plug

The platelet phase, the second stage of hemostasis, commences around 15-20 seconds after an injury. It follows and overlaps with the vascular phase, during which blood vessels constrict to minimize blood loss.
As the injured blood vessel contracts, endothelial cells undergo contraction, revealing collagen fibers in the basement membrane and underlying connective tissue. Furthermore, the plasma membrane of endothelial cells becomes adhesive, preparing the site for platelet adhesion. Platelets...

Structure and Function of Platelets

Structure and Function of Platelets

The cell fragments known as platelets are disc-shaped, with an average diameter of about 3 μm and a thickness of roughly 1 μm. They play a crucial role in the body's vascular clotting system, which also involves plasma proteins, blood cells, and blood vessel tissues.
Platelets are continually replenished, circulating in the bloodstream for 9-12 days before being removed by phagocytes, primarily in the spleen. A microliter of circulating blood contains between 150,000 and 450,000 platelets, with...

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After a fibrin clot is formed, the next step is clot retraction, a vital process facilitated by platelet contractile proteins, such as actin and myosin. These proteins pull the fibrin strands closer together and condense the clot. This action reduces the size of the clot, creating a smaller, denser structure that effectively seals off the damaged vessel. Clot retraction consolidates the clot and helps with wound healing by bringing the edges of the damaged blood vessel closer together.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets

Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets

Published on: November 29, 2024

Deciphering the human platelet sheddome.

Karen P Fong¹, Colin Barry, Anh N Tran

¹Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.

|October 22, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Activated platelets release surface proteins, expanding the platelet sheddome. Researchers identified 59 new candidate membrane proteins for shedding, including semaphorin 7A, impacting platelet function.

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Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Procoagulant Platelet Characterization by Measuring Phosphatidylserine Exposure and Microvesicle Release from Human Purified Platelets

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Published on: November 29, 2024

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A Uniform Shear Assay for Human Platelet and Cell Surface Receptors via Cone-plate Viscometry

A Uniform Shear Assay for Human Platelet and Cell Surface Receptors via Cone-plate Viscometry

Published on: June 5, 2019

Area of Science:

Proteomics
Platelet Biology
Molecular Cell Biology

Background:

Activated platelets release surface proteins, forming the platelet sheddome.
The complete composition and extent of platelet shedding remain largely unknown.
Platelet ectodomain shedding influences platelet function and provides bioactive fragments.

Purpose of the Study:

To globally analyze the platelet sheddome using mass spectrometry.
To identify novel platelet membrane proteins that undergo ectodomain shedding.
To investigate the shedding of semaphorin 7A and its regulation.

Main Methods:

Mass spectrometry analysis of activated platelet supernates.
Identification and quantification of shed proteins after plasma protein and microparticle removal.
Validation of candidate proteins, including semaphorin 7A, via surface expression and cleavage assays.
Inhibition studies using an ADAM17 sheddase inhibitor.

Main Results:

1048 proteins identified in activated platelet supernates, including 69 membrane proteins.
59 novel candidate membrane proteins for platelet shedding were identified.
Semaphorin 7A shedding was confirmed and associated with α-granules.
ADAM17 inhibition significantly reduced the shedding of semaphorin 7A and 12 other proteins.

Conclusions:

This study defines a significant subset of novel membrane proteins as candidates for platelet ectodomain shedding.
The findings provide a basis for understanding how shedding impacts platelet function.
Semaphorin 7A is identified as a newly shed platelet protein regulated by ADAM17.