Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Analysis of Lymphocyte Extravasation Using an In Vitro Model of the Human Blood-brain Barrier
09:00

Analysis of Lymphocyte Extravasation Using an In Vitro Model of the Human Blood-brain Barrier

Published on: April 5, 2017

Members 6B and 14 of the TNF receptor superfamily in multiple sclerosis predisposition

F Blanco-Kelly1, R Alvarez-Lafuente, A Alcina

  • 1Department of Immunology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.

Genes and Immunity
|October 22, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Genetic variations in TNFRSF6B and TNFRSF14 influence multiple sclerosis (MS) risk, particularly in patients with active human herpes virus 6 (HHV6) replication. These findings highlight a potential link between viral activity and MS susceptibility.

Area of Science:

  • Genetics
  • Neuroimmunology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 6B (TNFRSF6B) and 14 (TNFRSF14) genes are linked to autoimmune diseases.
  • TNFRSF14, also known as herpes virus entry mediator (HVEM), is implicated due to herpes virus involvement in multiple sclerosis (MS) etiology.
  • MS patients exhibit human herpes virus 6 (HHV6) in active lesions and elevated antibodies to HHV6.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association of TNFRSF6B and TNFRSF14 gene polymorphisms with MS susceptibility.
  • To explore the relationship between the HVEM receptor gene and active HHV6 replication in MS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Genotyping of 1370 Spanish MS patients and 1715 controls for TNFRSF6B and TNFRSF14 polymorphisms.
  • Analysis of HHV6A DNA levels in MS patient serum over a 2-year follow-up as a surrogate for active viral replication.

Main Results:

  • Both TNFRSF6B (rs4809330) and TNFRSF14 (rs6684865) polymorphisms were associated with increased MS predisposition.
  • The association was stronger in MS patients with evidence of active HHV6 replication.
  • HHV6-positive MS patients showed a significantly higher risk compared to controls (P=0.017, OR=1.69).

Conclusions:

  • TNFRSF6B and TNFRSF14 gene variants contribute to MS susceptibility.
  • Active HHV6 replication may exacerbate the genetic predisposition to MS.
  • These findings suggest a potential interplay between specific genetic factors and viral activity in MS pathogenesis.

More Related Videos

T and B Cell Receptor Immune Repertoire Analysis using Next-generation Sequencing08:59

T and B Cell Receptor Immune Repertoire Analysis using Next-generation Sequencing

Published on: January 12, 2021

Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway02:26

NF-κB-dependent Signaling Pathway

The transcription factor NF-κB was discovered in 1986 in the lab of Nobel laureate Professor David Baltimore, for its interaction with the immunoglobulin light chain enhancer in B-cells. After more than three decades of study, it is now evident that NF-κB regulates the expression of over 100 genes. Most of these genes play an essential role in the innate and adaptive immune responses as well as the inflammatory responses of animals.
NF-κB-dependent Signaling Mechanism
The heterodimer of NF-κB...
TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors are of three kinds RI, RII, and RIII. The RI...
Enzyme-linked Receptors01:00

Enzyme-linked Receptors

Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...