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Related Concept Videos

Calorimetry01:19

Calorimetry

When objects at different temperatures are placed in contact with each other but isolated from everything else, they attain thermal equilibrium. A container that prevents heat transfer in or out is called a calorimeter, and the use of a calorimeter to make measurements is called calorimetry. Generally, these measurements involve heat or specific heat capacity. The term "calorimetry problem" is used for any problem where the specified objects are thermally isolated from their surroundings. An...
Constant Volume Calorimetry02:41

Constant Volume Calorimetry

Calorimeters are useful to determine the heat released or absorbed by a chemical reaction. Coffee cup calorimeters are designed to operate at constant (atmospheric) pressure and are convenient to measure heat flow (or enthalpy change) accompanying processes that occur in solution at constant pressure. A different type of calorimeter that operates at constant volume, colloquially known as a bomb calorimeter, is used to measure the energy produced by reactions that yield large amounts of heat and...
Constant Pressure Calorimetry03:02

Constant Pressure Calorimetry

Calorimetry is a technique used to measure the amount of heat involved in a chemical or physical process or to measure the heat transferred to or from a substance. The heat is exchanged with a calibrated and insulated device called the calorimeter. Calorimetry experiments are based on the assumption that there is no heat exchange between the insulated calorimeter and the external environment. The well-insulated calorimeters prevent the transfer of heat between the calorimeter and its external...
Dosage Regimen Designs: Nomograms and Tabulations01:23

Dosage Regimen Designs: Nomograms and Tabulations

Nomograms and tabulations are vital tools used by clinicians to design accurate and individualized dosage regimens. These instruments provide a straightforward method for adjusting dosages based on individual patient characteristics, including age, weight, and physiological condition. The foundation of a drug's nomogram is population pharmacokinetic data collected and analyzed using specific models. This data simplifies complex equations, presenting them diagrammatically or tabularly for easy...
Energy Balance01:19

Energy Balance

The human body gets energy from the three macronutrients: carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. Energy is released when the chemical bonds in the organic compounds present in the food are broken down. The energy content of food is measured in kilocalories (kcal), defined as the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of one kilogram of water by one degree Celsius. This value is determined by measuring the temperature change of the water surrounding a calorimeter after the complete...
Metabolic States of the Body: The Absorptive State01:25

Metabolic States of the Body: The Absorptive State

During the absorptive state, which lasts approximately four hours after a meal, the body absorbs nutrients from the gastrointestinal tract. The carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids we consume are broken down into monosaccharides, amino acids, and free fatty acids for absorption. While carbohydrates and proteins are absorbed as-is, lipids are absorbed in their broken-down forms and then re-esterified into triglycerides within enterocytes before being packaged into chylomicrons. These absorbed...

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Breakfast Habits among Schoolchildren in the City of Uruguaiana, Brazil
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Published on: July 29, 2020

Caloric beverage consumption patterns in Mexican children.

Simon Barquera1, Fabricio Campirano, Anabelle Bonvecchio

  • 1Nutrition and Health Research Center, National Institute of Public Health, Av. Universidad 655, Col. Sta. Ma. Ahuacatitlan, Cuernavaca, Mor. CP 62508, Mexico.

Nutrition Journal
|October 23, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Childhood obesity is rising in Mexico, with caloric beverage intake increasing significantly. Whole milk, juices, and sugary drinks are major contributors, prompting government intervention in feeding programs and policies.

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Area of Science:

  • Nutrition Science
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Mexico faces a significant rise in childhood obesity.
  • Limited data exists on caloric beverage consumption in Mexico.
  • This study investigates caloric beverage intake patterns and trends in Mexican children.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in caloric beverage consumption among Mexican children.
  • To identify key sources of caloric beverages contributing to child obesity.
  • To inform public health interventions and policies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized two nationally representative dietary intake surveys from Mexico (1999 and 2006).
  • Analyzed caloric beverage intake (volume and energy) in 17,215 children.
  • Weighted results to ensure national representativeness.

Main Results:

  • Observed substantial increases in caloric beverage consumption among preschool and school-aged children.
  • Whole milk and sugar-sweetened juices were identified as significant contributors.
  • In 2006, caloric beverages provided 27.8% of energy for preschoolers and 20.7% for school children.

Conclusions:

  • The Mexican government recognizes increased caloric beverage intake as a key driver of obesity.
  • Data has informed policy shifts, including changes in milk fat content in welfare programs.
  • National regulations, school policies, and taxation strategies are being revised to address unhealthy beverage consumption.