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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Dry Powder and Nebulized Aerosol Inhalation of Pharmaceuticals Delivered to Mice Using a Nose-only Exposure System

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Inhaled insulin: a model for pulmonary systemic absorption?

M-H Becquemin¹, J-P Chaumuzeau

¹UPRES 2397, faculté de médecine, université Denis-Diderot, Paris VII, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpétrière, 75013 Paris, France. marie-helene.becquemin@psl.aphp.fr

Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires

|October 23, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Inhaled insulin offers a new alternative to injections, potentially easing the start of insulin therapy. However, long-term safety, especially for children and former smokers, requires further investigation.

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Area of Science:

Pharmacology
Respiratory Medicine
Endocrinology

Background:

The European Union has approved an inhaled insulin formulation, presenting a novel alternative to traditional injectable insulin.
This innovation aims to reduce apprehension and delay associated with initiating insulin therapy.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the implications of the pulmonary route for systemic insulin absorption.
To analyze the pharmacokinetic and safety considerations of inhaled insulin compared to injectable forms.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on pulmonary drug delivery and insulin pharmacokinetics.
Analysis of factors influencing systemic absorption via the respiratory tract.
Comparison of pharmacokinetic profiles between inhaled and injectable insulin.

Main Results:

Inhaled insulin exhibits faster absorption than injectable forms, with comparable intra-individual variability.
Overall bioavailability is lower for inhaled insulin but significantly increased in smokers.
Common side effects include cough, increased anti-insulin antibodies, and potentially higher costs.

Conclusions:

Inhaled insulin presents a viable alternative to injections, though its indications need clear definition.
Long-term safety of repeated inhalation, particularly for pediatric and ex-smoker populations, remains to be established.
Further research is necessary to fully validate the long-term innocuousness of this delivery method.