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Related Concept Videos

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair Growth and Types01:20

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair Growth and Types

Hair growth begins with the production of keratinocytes by the basal cells of the hair bulb. As new cells are deposited at the hair bulb, the hair shaft is pushed through the follicle toward the surface. Keratinization is completed as the cells are pushed to the skin surface to form the shaft of hair that is externally visible. The external hair is completely dead and composed entirely of keratin. Hair can be cut or shaven without damaging the hair structure because the cut is superficial. Most...
Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair and Hair Follicles01:16

Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair and Hair Follicles

Hair and hair follicles are integral components of the integumentary system. Hair is a filamentous structure composed mainly of a protein called keratin. It is found on the surface of the skin throughout the body, except for areas such as the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.
Hair is a keratinous filament growing out of the epidermis. It is primarily made of dead, keratinized cells. Hair strands originate at the epidermal penetration called the hair follicle. The hair shaft is the part...
Papillary Dermis01:11

Papillary Dermis

Dermis
The dermis might be considered the "core" of the integumentary system, as distinct from the epidermis and hypodermis. It contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves, and other structures, such as hair follicles and sweat glands. The dermis is made of two layers of connective tissue that comprise an interconnected mesh of elastin and collagenous fibers, produced by fibroblasts.
Papillary Layer
The papillary layer is made of loose, areolar connective tissue, which means the collagen and...
Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Muscles of the Vertebral Column01:27

Muscles of the Vertebral Column

The back muscles that lie deep into the thoracolumbar fascia are called intrinsic or true back muscles. These muscles are divided into four layers: superficial, intermediate, deep, and deepest layers.
Superficial Layer:
The superficial layer consists primarily of the splenius muscles, which include the splenius capitis and splenius cervicis. These muscles are mainly responsible for the head and cervical spine movements, including extension, rotation, and lateral bending. The splenius capitis...
Reticular Dermis01:15

Reticular Dermis

The papillary and reticular dermis are the two layers of the dermis. They are made of connective tissue with fibers of collagen extending from one to the other, making the border between the two somewhat indistinct. The dermal papillae extending into the epidermis belong to the papillary layer, whereas the dense collagen fiber bundles below belong to the reticular layer.
Reticular Layer
Underlying the papillary layer is the much thicker reticular layer, composed of dense, irregular connective...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Collecting Hair Samples for Hair Cortisol Analysis in African Americans
06:01

Collecting Hair Samples for Hair Cortisol Analysis in African Americans

Published on: June 10, 2018

Short back and sides.

Rosalind Hill

    British Journal of Nursing (Mark Allen Publishing)
    |October 23, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The UK's National Health Service (NHS) is undergoing a major reform, outlined in the 2010 Equity and Excellence: Liberating the NHS White Paper. This initiative aims to improve patient care and efficiency through significant structural changes.

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    Area of Science:

    • Health Policy
    • Healthcare Management
    • Public Health Administration

    Background:

    • The National Health Service (NHS) White Paper, "Equity and Excellence: Liberating the NHS" (Department of Health, 2010), details significant reforms to the UK's healthcare system.
    • This policy represents one of the most substantial reorganizations of the NHS since its inception over six decades ago.

    Discussion:

    • The paper introduces four key areas for reform: liberating the NHS, prioritizing patients and the public, enhancing healthcare outcomes, and establishing autonomy, accountability, and democratic legitimacy.
    • A core objective is to reduce bureaucracy and increase operational efficiency within the healthcare system.

    Key Insights:

    • The reforms focus on empowering the NHS through structural changes to improve patient-centered care.
    • Key themes include enhancing health outcomes and ensuring greater accountability and public legitimacy.

    Outlook:

    • The proposed changes aim to streamline the NHS, reduce administrative burdens, and ultimately improve the quality and efficiency of healthcare delivery.
    • This strategic overhaul seeks to modernize the NHS to better meet the needs of patients and the public in the future.