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High-Throughput Assays of Critical Thermal Limits in Insects

High-Throughput Assays of Critical Thermal Limits in Insects

Published on: June 15, 2020

Mechanisms underlying insect chill-coma.

Heath A Macmillan¹, Brent J Sinclair

¹Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B7, Canada. hmacmil2@uwo.ca

Journal of Insect Physiology

|October 26, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Insects entering chill-coma at their critical thermal minimum (CTmin) indicates a loss of movement due to cold. This state likely results from impaired ion homeostasis affecting nerve and muscle function.

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Area of Science:

* Entomology
* Physiology
* Biophysics

Background:

* Insects exhibit a critical thermal minimum (CTmin) where they enter chill-coma, a reversible state of immobility.
* The underlying physiological mechanisms of this cold-induced failure are not well understood.
* Chill-coma onset and recovery are frequently used to measure insect low-temperature tolerance.

Purpose of the Study:

* To review the use of chill-coma as a metric for thermal tolerance.
* To synthesize current knowledge on insect lower thermal limits and their plasticity.
* To propose likely physiological mechanisms behind cold-induced chill-coma.

Main Methods:

* Literature review and synthesis of existing research on insect chill-coma.
* Analysis of physiological data related to thermal tolerance in insects.
* Examination of the role of ion homeostasis and membrane function.

Main Results:

* Chill-coma is a key indicator of an insect's ability to withstand cold temperatures.
* Lower thermal limits in insects are influenced by various physiological factors.
* Temperature significantly impacts ion-motive ATPases, ion channels, and cell membranes.

Conclusions:

* Chill-coma is likely caused by a failure to maintain ionic homeostasis at low temperatures.
* This failure affects nerve and muscle excitability, leading to loss of function.
* Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for predicting insect responses to climate change.