Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

Assessment of Diffusion and Perfusion

Understanding and evaluating diffusion and perfusion is critical in assessing a patient's respiratory and circulatory health. These processes play key roles in maintaining the body's internal environment, ensuring that tissues receive adequate oxygen while waste products are efficiently removed.
The Role of Diffusion in Respiration
Diffusion is the process by which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. In the respiratory system, this principle...

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

Protein Diffusion in the Membrane

Proteins show rotational as well as lateral diffusion across the membrane. The lateral diffusion of proteins was confirmed through the cell fusion experiment where mouse and human cells were fused, resulting in hybrid cells. When the human and mouse cells fused, the specific membrane proteins on human and mouse cells were marked with the red and green-fluorescent markers, respectively. Initially, the red and green fluorescence was located on the respective hemisphere of the cell. As time...

Diffusion on Chromatography Columns

Diffusion on Chromatography Columns

In column chromatography, when an analyte is introduced as a narrow band at the top of the column, the solutes begin to separate and broaden, developing a Gaussian profile. This broadening occurs due to various factors, such as longitudinal diffusion.
Longitudinal diffusion occurs when the solute molecules in the mobile phase diffuse from the more concentrated center of the chromatographic band to the more dilute regions on either side, both towards and against the flow direction. This...

External and Internal Respiration

External and Internal Respiration

External respiration occurs in the lungs, and it is the first step in the journey of oxygen inside the body. When we inhale, oxygen enters our lungs and diffuses across the thin alveolar membrane. The alveoli are tiny, air-filled sacs that provide a vast surface area for gas exchange. Oxygen in the alveoli has a higher partial pressure (105 mmHg) than in the adjacent pulmonary capillaries (40 mmHg), establishing a pressure gradient. As a result, oxygen molecules move from the alveoli into the...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The impossible hustle, sustaining pediatric radiology research amidst clinical demands: insights from a European society of pediatric radiology research committee survey.

Pediatric radiology·2026

Same author

The Utility of Sodium Inversion Recovery MRI to Identify Astrocytoma, <i>IDH</i>-Mutant: A Prospective Pilot Study.

Radiology·2026

Same author

Radiation-free assessment of the 3D morphology of the adolescent scoliotic spine: a feasibility study using MRI derived quantitative synthetic CT.

Spine deformity·2026

Same author

Early Detection of Acute and Early-Onset Cancer Therapy-Related Cardiac Dysfunction in Children With Cancer Using a Multiparametric Approach: Methodological Aspects of the EARLY Study.

Cancer medicine·2026

Same author

Comparison Between Respiratory-Triggered and Free-Breathing Signal Acquisition Methods for Single-Voxel Phosphorus Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of the Liver on a Clinical System.

Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI·2026

Same author

Application of artificial intelligence in paediatric oncology imaging.

Pediatric radiology·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging

In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: September 2, 2016

Apparent diffusion coefficient measurement in a moving phantom simulating linear respiratory motion.

Thomas C Kwee¹, Taro Takahara, Isao Muro

¹Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 100 Heidelberglaan, Utrecht, the Netherlands. thomaskwee@gmail.com

Japanese Journal of Radiology

|October 26, 2010

Summary

Simulated respiratory motion does not affect apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements in large, uniform structures. However, motion artifacts can impact ADC values in smaller or inhomogeneous tissues due to partial volume effects.

More Related Videos

Single-Molecule Tracking Microscopy - A Tool for Determining the Diffusive States of Cytosolic Molecules

Single-Molecule Tracking Microscopy - A Tool for Determining the Diffusive States of Cytosolic Molecules

Published on: September 5, 2019

Dual Test Gas Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity Measurement During Exercise in Humans Using the Single-Breath Method

Dual Test Gas Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity Measurement During Exercise in Humans Using the Single-Breath Method

Published on: February 2, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging

In Situ Monitoring of Diffusion of Guest Molecules in Porous Media Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: September 2, 2016

Single-Molecule Tracking Microscopy - A Tool for Determining the Diffusive States of Cytosolic Molecules

Single-Molecule Tracking Microscopy - A Tool for Determining the Diffusive States of Cytosolic Molecules

Published on: September 5, 2019

Dual Test Gas Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity Measurement During Exercise in Humans Using the Single-Breath Method

Dual Test Gas Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity Measurement During Exercise in Humans Using the Single-Breath Method

Published on: February 2, 2024

Area of Science:

Medical Imaging
Biophysics

Background:

Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) measurements are crucial in diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI).
Respiratory motion can introduce artifacts in MRI scans, potentially affecting quantitative measurements like ADC.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of simulated linear respiratory motion on ADC measurements.
To determine if motion affects ADC values in different phantom setups.

Main Methods:

Diffusion-weighted MRI was performed on static and moving phantoms containing test tubes with water, ketchup, or mayonnaise in agarose gel.
A pneumatic cylinder simulated linear motion along the magnetic bore's long axis.
ADC values were calculated for phantoms under both static and dynamic conditions.

Main Results:

ADC measurements showed good agreement between static and moving phantoms for structures parallel to motion.
Poor agreement in ADC was observed for structures perpendicular to motion, especially those with diffusion coefficients lower than the surrounding gel.

Conclusions:

Linear respiratory motion does not significantly alter ADC measurements in large, homogeneous tissues.
ADC measurements in inhomogeneous or small structures can be affected by motion, primarily due to partial volume effects.