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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

In Vitro Assay of Bacterial Adhesion onto Mammalian Epithelial Cells

In Vitro Assay of Bacterial Adhesion onto Mammalian Epithelial Cells

Published on: May 16, 2011

Crystal violet staining to quantify Candida adhesion to epithelial cells.

M Negri¹, V Gonçalves, S Silva

¹Institute for Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Centre of Biological Engineering, Universidade do Minho, Braga, Portugal.

British Journal of Biomedical Science

|October 27, 2010

Summary

This study introduces a simple crystal violet staining method to quickly measure Candida species adhesion to cells. This technique offers a reproducible and efficient alternative to traditional, time-consuming adhesion assays.

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Cell Biology
Biotechnology

Background:

In vitro adhesion studies are crucial for understanding Candida virulence.
Traditional methods for quantifying Candida adhesion are often time-consuming and laborious.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a simple, rapid, and reproducible crystal violet staining method for quantifying in vitro adhesion of Candida species to epithelial cells.
To validate the new method against traditional techniques and assess its applicability to different Candida species and surfaces.

Main Methods:

Utilized crystal violet staining to quantify adhesion of Candida albicans, C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis, and C. tropicalis to a human urinary bladder epithelial cell line (TCC-SUP).
Compared crystal violet staining results with traditional microscope enumeration for validation.
Applied the method to assess Candida adhesion to both epithelial cells and silicone surfaces.

Main Results:

Achieved high correlation (r2 = 0.9724–0.9997) between yeast counts and absorbance values for inoculum concentrations >10(6) cells/mL.
Demonstrated the method's reproducibility and ease of performance across different Candida reference species.
Successfully quantified Candida adhesion to epithelial cells and silicone.

Conclusions:

The developed crystal violet staining method is a simple, reproducible, and efficient tool for assessing in vitro adhesion of Candida species to epithelial cells.
This technique provides a valuable alternative to traditional methods, facilitating faster characterization of Candida virulence factors.
The method's applicability extends to evaluating adhesion on various surfaces, including biomaterials like silicone.