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Implantation of Electrospun Vascular Grafts with Optimized Structure in a Rat Model

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Enhanced endothelialization on surface modified poly(L-lactic acid) substrates.

Hao Xu¹, Rajendrasing Deshmukh, Richard Timmons

¹Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA.

Tissue Engineering. Part A

|October 27, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Surface modification of poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) with poly(vinylacetic acid), fibronectin, and vascular endothelial growth factor enhances endothelial cell growth. This improves PLLA biocompatibility for vascular grafts and stents.

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Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Tissue Engineering
Surface Chemistry

Background:

Biodegradable vascular grafts and stents are crucial, especially for pediatric patients.
Poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) is a promising material but exhibits slow endothelial cell (EC) growth, increasing thrombosis risk.
PLLA's hydrophobic nature and lack of functional groups hinder EC attachment and proliferation.

Purpose of the Study:

To enhance endothelial cell growth on PLLA surfaces for improved vascular graft and stent applications.
To investigate surface modification techniques to overcome PLLA's limitations for endothelialization.
To evaluate the efficacy of combining poly(vinylacetic acid) deposition, fibronectin conjugation, and vascular endothelial growth factor delivery.

Main Methods:

PLLA surfaces were modified using pulsed plasma deposition of poly(vinylacetic acid).
Carboxyl groups (-COOH) on the modified surface were used to conjugate fibronectin (FN).
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) was attached to FN, and cell responses were tested using Pig Aorta Endothelial cells (PAE) and KDR-transfected PAE.

Main Results:

Surface-modified PLLA significantly enhanced EC adhesion, proliferation, and retention under shear stress compared to unmodified PLLA.
KDR-transfected PAE showed superior proliferation, while maintaining normal EC functions like morphology and nitric oxide production.
The combined surface modification strategy effectively promoted endothelialization on PLLA.

Conclusions:

The developed surface modification technique significantly improves the biocompatibility of PLLA for vascular applications.
Combining poly(vinylacetic acid) deposition, FN conjugation, and VEGF delivery is a viable strategy for enhanced endothelialization.
This approach holds promise for creating safer and more effective biodegradable vascular grafts and stents, especially when using KDR-transfected ECs.