A randomized comparison between ultrasound-guided and landmark-based superficial cervical plexus block

Area of Science:

• Anesthesiology
• Regional Anesthesia
• Medical Imaging

Background:

• Superficial cervical plexus block is a common procedure.
• Conventional landmark-based techniques carry risks and variable success rates.
• Ultrasound guidance offers potential for improved accuracy and safety in regional anesthesia.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided superficial cervical plexus block versus the landmark-based technique.
• To evaluate success rate, onset time, and complications associated with each technique.

Main Methods:

• Prospective, randomized, observer-blinded study.
• Forty patients were randomized to ultrasound-guided (n=20) or landmark-based (n=20) superficial cervical plexus block.
• Success defined as absence of cold sensation in all 4 superficial cervical plexus branches at 15 minutes. Outcomes included success rate, onset time, pain scores, complications, performance time, and needle passes.

Main Results:

• Similar success rates (80%-85%) were observed between ultrasound-guided and landmark-based groups.
• Ultrasound guidance resulted in a longer performance time (119 vs. 61 seconds, P < 0.001).
• No significant differences were found in onset time, total anesthesia-related time, number of needle passes, or procedural discomfort.

Conclusions:

• Ultrasound guidance does not enhance the success rate of superficial cervical plexus block compared to the landmark-based technique.
• Further research is needed to confirm these findings and explore potential benefits of ultrasound in specific patient populations or for different outcomes.