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Three-Dimensional Imaging of Aortic Tissues in Atherosclerosis
Published on: October 25, 2024
[Pathology of AtheroThrombosIS (ATIS)]
1Department of Pathology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan. maki@med.osaka−cu.ac.jp
Drugs
|October 28, 2010
Summary
AtheroThrombosIS (ATIS) involves plaque rupture or erosion, leading to vascular occlusion and conditions like heart attack. Understanding these pathological findings is key to preventing severe ATIS outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Pathology
- Thrombosis Research
- Atherosclerosis Studies
Context:
- Atherosclerosis can lead to arterial stenosis and occlusion, causing serious conditions such as myocardial infarction and peripheral artery disease.
- AtheroThrombosIS (ATIS) encompasses diseases sharing a common developmental pathway rooted in atherosclerosis.
- This review examines pathological findings in human atherothrombotic lesions across major arteries and veins.
Purpose:
- To review and detail the pathological findings in atherothrombotic lesions.
- To differentiate between plaque rupture and plaque erosion as causes of thrombus formation in ATIS.
- To identify primary factors contributing to the evolution of ATIS.
Summary:
- Atheromatous plaques are classified as fibrous or lipid-rich, with lipid-rich plaques featuring a thin, rupture-prone fibrous cap.
- Plaque rupture, often involving lipid-rich atheroma, causes thrombus formation and is linked to ~70% of acute myocardial infarctions.
- Plaque erosion, characterized by endothelial cell injury and less atheroma, accounts for ~30% of myocardial infarctions, forming obstructive thrombi.
Impact:
- Findings highlight the critical role of plaque rupture and erosion in ATIS pathogenesis.
- Identifies endothelial injury, vulnerable plaque inflammation, and intra-plaque hemorrhage as key evolutionary factors in ATIS.
- Emphasizes the growing challenge of intractable ATIS with aging populations and lifestyle diseases, underscoring the need for preventative strategies.
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