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Clinical and hemodynamic profile of patients with calcific mitral valve disease
K G Gupta1, A R Bhagwat, Y S Loya
1Department of Cardiology, BYL Nair Hospital & TN Medical College, Bombay.
Insights
Mitral valve calcification affects 15% of patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease, predominantly males. Moderate to severe calcification correlates with several clinical and hemodynamic factors, but not other valve lesions.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Rheumatic Heart Disease Research
Background:
- Rheumatic mitral valve disease is a significant cause of cardiac morbidity.
- Calcification of the mitral valve is a potential complication that may influence disease progression and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the incidence and clinical correlates of mitral valve calcification in patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease.
- To determine the relationship between mitral valve calcification severity and various hemodynamic and clinical parameters.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of clinical, hemodynamic, and fluoroscopic data from 1123 patients.
- Assessment of mitral valve calcification using a grading scale (mild, moderate, severe).
- Statistical correlation analysis between calcification degree and patient characteristics/clinical findings.
Main Results:
- The overall incidence of mitral valve calcification was 15% (mild 3%, moderate 9%, severe 3%).
- A male predominance was observed (17% males vs. 5% females).
- Moderate to severe calcification correlated with increased age, specific arrhythmias, higher transmitral gradient, mild mitral regurgitation, elevated pulmonary artery pressure, systemic embolization, and prior commissurotomy.
Conclusions:
- Mitral valve calcification is a notable finding in rheumatic mitral valve disease, particularly in males.
- The degree of mitral valve calcification is associated with several adverse clinical and hemodynamic factors, suggesting its role in disease severity.
- Calcification severity did not correlate with the presence of other valve lesions.
Abstract:
Clinical, hemodynamic and fluoroscopic findings were analysed in 1123 patients with rheumatic mitral valve disease. The incidence of mitral valve calcification was 15 percent (mild 3 percent, moderate 9 percent, and severe 3 percent). There was a male preponderance (male 17 percent, female 5 percent). The presence of moderate to severe degree of calcification of mitral valve correlated with age, rhythm, transmitral gradient, associated mild mitral regurgitation, pulmonary artery pressure, systemic embolisation and previous commissurotomy. No correlation was found between the degree of calcification and presence or absence of other valve lesions.