[The diagnosis and treatment of lung barotrauma in newborn infants at risk]
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Lung barotrauma (LBT) is a frequent mechanical ventilation complication in newborns. Immediate pneumothorax drainage significantly improves prognosis and reduces mortality in at-risk infants.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Pediatric Pulmonology
- Critical Care
Context:
- Mechanical ventilation (MV) is essential for high-risk newborns but can lead to lung barotrauma (LBT).
- Pneumothorax, a type of LBT, is a critical complication associated with high mortality in neonates.
- Interstitial emphysema can lead to chronic lung disease, while pneumothorax may induce shock.
Purpose:
- To analyze the impact of pneumothorax drainage timing on clinical outcomes in at-risk newborn infants.
- To evaluate blood gas and acid-base balance changes following pneumothorax management.
- To determine the correlation between prompt diagnosis and treatment of pneumothorax and patient prognosis.
Summary:
- A retrospective analysis of 18 at-risk newborn infants with pneumothorax was conducted.
- Blood gases and acid-base balance were monitored before and after extra-alveolar air drainage.
- Outcomes indicated that immediate drainage after clinical diagnosis led to better prognoses.
Impact:
- Early intervention in neonatal pneumothorax significantly improves patient outcomes.
- Delayed drainage (beyond one hour) is associated with increased mortality in neonates with pneumothorax.
- This study highlights the critical importance of timely management of lung barotrauma in high-risk infants.
Abstract:
Lung barotrauma (LBT) are some of the most frequent complications in the course of mechanical ventilation (MV) in risk newborn infants. The interstitial emphysema among them is the most frequent cause for development of chronic hung diseases, but the pneumothorax induces shock state, connected with high mortality. A retrospective analysis of the histories of the disease was carried out on 18 risk newborn infants with clinical and roentgenological data for pneumothorax. Blood gases and acid-base balance were examined before the incident as well as at definite intervals after drainage of extra-alveolar air. There were considerable deviations. The results indicate considerably better prognosis of the disease, when the drainage is put immediately after establishment of the clinical diagnosis. Mortality is high, when the drainage of pneumothorax is put after the first hour.