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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...

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Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
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Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...

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The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Particle Templated Emulsification enables Microfluidic-Free Droplet Assays

Particle Templated Emulsification enables Microfluidic-Free Droplet Assays

Published on: March 9, 2021

Pickering emulsion templated interfacial atom transfer radical polymerization for microencapsulation.

Jian Li¹, Adam P Hitchcock, Harald D H Stöver

¹Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4M1.

Langmuir : the ACS Journal of Surfaces and Colloids

|October 30, 2010

Summary

This study introduces a novel Pickering emulsion templated interfacial atom transfer radical polymerization (PETI-ATRP) for microencapsulation. This versatile method creates nanoparticle/polymer composite shells, enabling the encapsulation of various solvents.

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Preparation of Hollow Polystyrene Particles and Microcapsules by Radical Polymerization of Janus Droplets Consisting of Hydrocarbon and Fluorocarbon Oils

Preparation of Hollow Polystyrene Particles and Microcapsules by Radical Polymerization of Janus Droplets Consisting of Hydrocarbon and Fluorocarbon Oils

Published on: January 25, 2018

Area of Science:

Polymer Chemistry
Materials Science
Nanotechnology

Background:

Microencapsulation is crucial for protecting and delivering active substances.
Pickering emulsions offer a stable interface for polymerization reactions.
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization (ATRP) provides controlled polymer synthesis.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a new microencapsulation technique using Pickering emulsion templated interfacial ATRP (PETI-ATRP).
To create robust nanoparticle/polymer composite shells for microcapsules.
To demonstrate the versatility of the method for encapsulating diverse core solvents.

Main Methods:

Electrostatic coating of cationic LUDOX CL nanoparticles with an anionic ATRP initiator (PSB).
Stabilization of oil-in-water Pickering emulsions using modified nanoparticles.
Interfacial ATRP of cross-linking monomers to form composite shells.
Sequential PETI-ATRP for creating double-walled microcapsules.

Main Results:

Successfully synthesized surface-active PSB-modified CL particles.
Demonstrated the formation of stable Pickering emulsions.
Achieved microencapsulation of various solvents (xylene, hexadecane, perfluoroheptane) with tunable shell chemistry.
Fabricated double-walled microcapsules, confirmed by TEM and STXM.

Conclusions:

PETI-ATRP is a versatile and effective method for creating advanced microcapsules.
The developed technique allows for controlled synthesis of composite shells with tunable properties.
This method holds potential for applications requiring precise microencapsulation of diverse materials.