Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

A Zebrafish Model of Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Memory
10:03

A Zebrafish Model of Diabetes Mellitus and Metabolic Memory

Published on: February 28, 2013

Treatment of type 2 diabetes: New clinical studies and effects of GLP-1 on macrovascular complications

S Lesven1, J-F Gautier, R Maréchaud

  • 1CHU de la Cavale-Blanche, Brest, France. sandra.lesven@chu-brest.fr

Annales D'Endocrinologie
|October 30, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with heart issues require careful treatment. Studies on rosiglitazone and revascularization show mixed results, with new incretin drugs needing further investigation for long-term heart benefits.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Treatment strategies for type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with macrovascular complications remain controversial.
  • Specific concerns include the use of glitazones, optimal management for stable coronary artery disease, and incretin mimetic drugs in cardiac patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate cardiovascular outcomes of rosiglitazone in T2D patients.
  • To determine the best revascularization and glucose control strategies for T2D patients with stable coronary artery disease.
  • To assess the potential cardiovascular benefits of GLP-1 analogs.

Main Methods:

  • The RECORD study compared cardiovascular morbidity-mortality outcomes of rosiglitazone plus metformin/sulfonylurea versus metformin/sulfonylurea alone.
  • The BARI 2D study assessed glucose control and revascularization strategies in T2D patients with stable coronary artery disease.
  • Animal models and clinical studies investigated GLP-1 analogs in myocardial ischemia and cardiovascular risk factors.

Main Results:

  • Rosiglitazone was non-inferior to metformin-sulfonylurea regarding mortality and cardiovascular hospitalization, though event rates were low.
  • Early revascularization in T2D patients with stable coronary artery disease showed no clear benefit, except for specific surgical indications.
  • GLP-1 analogs demonstrated promise in animal models of myocardial ischemia and showed potential cardiovascular risk factor improvements in clinical studies.

Conclusions:

  • Rosiglitazone use requires caution in T2D patients with cardiovascular disease.
  • Revascularization decisions in T2D patients with stable coronary artery disease should be individualized.
  • Further morbidity-mortality studies are essential to confirm the long-term cardiovascular efficacy of GLP-1 analogs.

More Related Videos

Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes07:22

Glycemic Impact on Knee Osteoarthritis Symptoms on Physical, Radiographic, and Inflammatory Markers among Individuals Aged 50 and Over with Diabetes

Published on: March 7, 2025

Related Concept Videos

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:24

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.
Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy01:15

Diabetes: Management and Pharmacotherapy

The therapy for diabetes aims to alleviate hyperglycemia-related symptoms, prevent acute metabolic decompensation, and reduce chronic end-organ complications. Glycemic control is evaluated through short-term (self-monitoring, continuous glucose monitoring) and long-term (A1c, fructosamine) metrics, enabling near real-time tracking of blood glucose levels and reflecting glycemic control over specific time frames.
Insulin remains the cornerstone of treatment for most patients with type 1 and many...
Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational01:22

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...
Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists01:24

Glucagon-like Receptor Agonists

Incretins include glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), which stimulate insulin secretion post-meals. In type 2 diabetes, GIP's efficacy is reduced, making GLP-1 a viable drug target. GIP originates from preproGIP.
GLP-1, when administered in high doses intravenously, triggers insulin secretion, inhibits glucagon release, slows gastric emptying, reduces food intake, and restores normal insulin secretion. However, its rapid inactivation by the...
Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications01:15

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is based on...
Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology01:26

Type I Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type 1 diabetes mellitus arises from an immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells, resulting in an absolute deficiency of insulin. This process develops in genetically susceptible individuals when autoimmunity, environmental exposures, and immunologic dysregulation converge to trigger a targeted attack on the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas. The β-cells are located within the islets of Langerhans and are essential for regulating blood glucose by facilitating cellular uptake of...