Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Assessing the Reduction of Recurrent Admissions Using OM-85 for the Treatment of Preschool Wheeze (ARROW): Protocol for a Multi-Centre, Randomised, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Journal of paediatrics and child health·2026
Same author

Recreational Drug Use Amongst Children and Adolescents Presenting to Australian Emergency Departments With Acute Behavioural Disturbance: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomised Controlled Trial.

Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA·2026
Same author

Relationships between cerebral blood flow and cognition in young adults born very preterm and at term.

Scientific reports·2026
Same author

Multiple imputation in clinical trials - what difference does it make?: A systematic review of the impact of multiple imputation on treatment effect estimation.

Clinical trials (London, England)·2026
Same author

Associations between white matter micro- and macro-structure and attention in 6-7-year-old children with low to moderate prenatal alcohol exposure.

Brain imaging and behavior·2026
Same author

The Association of Maternal Sensitivity with Subsequent Cognition and Language among Children Born Preterm: An Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis.

The Journal of pediatrics·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
19:15

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

Caffeine and brain development in very preterm infants.

Lex W Doyle1, Jeanie Cheong, Rod W Hunt

  • 1Royal Women's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. lwd@unimelb.edu.au

Annals of Neurology
|October 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Caffeine administration in preterm infants did not alter brain structure but improved white matter microstructure. These findings suggest caffeine enhances neurodevelopmental outcomes by promoting white matter development in premature infants.

More Related Videos

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis
06:19

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis

Published on: January 7, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
19:15

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis
06:19

A Rat Model of Mild Intrauterine Hypoperfusion with Microcoil Stenosis

Published on: January 7, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal neuroscience
  • Developmental neurology
  • Pediatric neuroimaging

Background:

  • Caffeine is known to improve neurological outcomes in very preterm infants.
  • The underlying mechanisms for caffeine's neuroprotective effects remain unclear.
  • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for optimizing infant care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of caffeine on brain macro- and microstructural development in preterm infants.
  • To determine if caffeine influences white matter and gray matter development.
  • To assess changes in brain volumes and white matter microstructure.

Main Methods:

  • Randomized controlled trial involving 70 preterm infants (<1,251 g birthweight).
  • Infants received either caffeine or placebo.
  • Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed at term-equivalent age to assess brain structure and white matter microstructure using diffusion-weighted imaging.

Main Results:

  • No significant differences in white matter/gray matter abnormalities or brain volumes between caffeine and placebo groups.
  • Caffeine exposure was associated with reduced apparent diffusion coefficient, radial diffusivity, and axial diffusivity, particularly in superior brain regions.
  • These diffusion changes were independent of bronchopulmonary dysplasia rates.

Conclusions:

  • Diffusion changes suggest improved white matter microstructural development in preterm infants treated with caffeine.
  • Caffeine may promote neurodevelopmental benefits through enhanced white matter maturation.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate caffeine's role in preterm infant brain development.