Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 7, 2026
Establishment and Evaluation of a Risk Prediction Model for Pathological Escalation of Gastric Low-Grade Intraepithelial Neoplasia
Published on: February 16, 2024
Subclassification of extranodal involvement in gastric cancer patients
Kenji Nakamura1, Kyoji Ogoshi, Hiroyasu Makuuchi
1Department of Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan. nakaken@is.icc.u-tokai.ac.jp
Background/Aims:
Extranodal involvement (Ex) has been shown as a negative prognostic factor in several cancers. We classified Ex using 3 methods for gastric cancer and evaluated its influence on patient outcome.
Methodology:
The status of Ex in the 103 node-positive patients with curative resection was classified according to: 1) the number of lymph nodes with Ex, 2) the lymph node grouping system, as specified by the Japanese Classification of Gastric Carcinoma, into Ex confined to compartment 1 lymph nodes and Ex detected in compartment 2 and 3 lymph nodes, and 3) the histological type of tumor cells detected in extranodal metastatic sites.
Results:
Ex was observed in 65 of the 103 patients. An increase in the number of lymph nodes with Ex was associated with a significantly poorer outcome. Patients with Ex detected in compartment 2 and 3 lymph nodes had a significantly poorer outcome. The survival rate of patients with two or more histological types was significantly poorer. Multivariate analysis showed that the method 1) and 2) were independent prognostic factors.
Conclusions:
The degree of Ex was shown to be important for determining the prognosis of node-positive gastric cancer patients with curative resection.
