Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 2, 2026
14:17
The Portable Chemical Sterilizer PCS, D-FENS, and D-FEND ALL: Novel Chlorine Dioxide Decontamination Technologies for the Military
Published on: June 29, 2014
14.0K
[Study on pipe material's influence on chlorine dioxide drinking water disinfection]
1Center of Food Safety Control of Beijing, Beijing 100041, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu = Journal of Hygiene Research
|November 2, 2010
Summary
Pipe material significantly impacts chlorine dioxide (ClO2) drinking water disinfection. Metal pipes consume more ClO2 than plastic pipes, affecting disinfection efficacy and disinfection byproduct formation.
Area of Science:
- Water treatment technologies
- Environmental chemistry
Context:
- Drinking water disinfection is crucial for public health.
- Chlorine dioxide (ClO2) is an effective disinfectant.
- Understanding factors affecting ClO2 efficacy is vital.
Purpose:
- To investigate how different pipe materials influence chlorine dioxide (ClO2) drinking water disinfection.
- To quantify the decay rates of ClO2 and the formation of disinfection byproducts (chlorite and chlorate) in various pipe materials.
Summary:
- Five pipe materials (PPR, PVC-U, galvanized steel, copper, PE) were tested with 0.8 mg/L ClO2 solution for 48 hours.
- Chlorine dioxide decay was faster in metal pipes compared to plastic pipes, primarily within the first 6 hours.
- Chlorite concentrations initially increased in metal pipes but decreased over time, while remaining detectable in plastic pipes throughout the study.
Impact:
- Pipe material choice affects chlorine dioxide (ClO2) consumption and disinfection byproduct formation.
- Results inform material selection for water distribution systems to optimize disinfection and minimize unwanted byproducts.
- This study highlights the need to consider pipe-water interactions in water treatment.
Related Concept Videos
02:19Physical Properties Affecting Solubility
21.2K
Solutions of Gases in Liquids
As for any solution, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is affected by the attractive intermolecular forces between solute and solvent species. Unlike solid and liquid solutes, however, there is no solute-solute intermolecular attraction to overcome when a gaseous solute dissolves in a liquid solvent since the atoms or molecules comprising a gas are far separated and experience negligible interactions. Consequently, solute-solvent interactions are the sole...
As for any solution, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is affected by the attractive intermolecular forces between solute and solvent species. Unlike solid and liquid solutes, however, there is no solute-solute intermolecular attraction to overcome when a gaseous solute dissolves in a liquid solvent since the atoms or molecules comprising a gas are far separated and experience negligible interactions. Consequently, solute-solvent interactions are the sole...
21.2K
04:01Factors Affecting Solubility
32.2K
Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
32.2K
01:30Methods of Sterilization II: Chemical Methods
9.5K
In healthcare, the chemical method of sterilization uses chemical sterilants to treat surgical instruments and medical supplies to help prevent the transmission of infectious pathogens to patients. Due to heat sensitivity, most medical supplies and equipment should not be exposed to high temperatures. These parts include rubber, plastic, glass, and other similar elements.
Using chemical sterilization rather than heat to clean out equipment is recommended. It eradicates and removes all bacteria,...
Using chemical sterilization rather than heat to clean out equipment is recommended. It eradicates and removes all bacteria,...
9.5K
01:19Quality of Water
757
In concrete preparation, the quality of water is paramount as it affects the strength and durability of the concrete. Potable water is usually preferred; however, it must not have excessive sodium or potassium to prevent compromising the concrete's integrity. Water quality is typically evaluated based on impurities such as dissolved solids, chlorides, and sulfates, and its pH value is ideally between 6 and 8. Even slightly acidic natural water may be acceptable unless it contains harmful...
757
01:14Testing Water Quality
634
When the quality of water for concrete preparation is uncertain, its impact on the setting time of cement and compressive strength of mortar is assessed by comparison with de-ionized or distilled water benchmarks. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) C1602 requires the setting times to be within 90 minutes of the control, British Standard (BS) 3146:1980 allows a 30-minute variance in the initial setting, while British Standards European Norm (BS EN) 1008 specifies initial setting...
634
01:25Cholera
149
Cholera is an acute gastrointestinal disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio cholerae. It is transmitted primarily via the fecal-oral route through the ingestion of contaminated water or food.Vibrio cholerae is a motile, Gram-negative bacterium of the family Vibrionaceae, primarily associated with waterborne outbreaks in areas with inadequate sanitation. Although over 200 serogroups of V. cholerae exist, only O1 and O139 are responsible for epidemic cholera. The O1 serogroup,...
149