Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II

Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-II

In gas chromatography, different detectors are employed to meet specific analytical needs. These detectors are often categorized based on their detection mechanisms and the types of compounds they are best suited to analyze. Thermal Conductivity Detectors (TCD), Flame Ionization Detectors (FID), and Electron Capture Detectors (ECD) represent common categories, each with unique operating principles and applications. However, beyond these, several other detectors are designed for more specialized...

Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-I

Gas Chromatography: Types of Detectors-I

There are different types of detectors used in gas chromatography, each with its own specific properties that make it suitable for detecting certain types of analytes. The most commonly used detectors in GC are thermal conductivity detector (TCD), flame ionization detector (FID), and electron capture detector (ECD).
TCD is the earliest and most widely used detector that operates by measuring the changes in the thermal conductivity of the carrier gas. When a sample compound enters the detector,...

Gas Thermometers and the Kelvin Scale

Gas Thermometers and the Kelvin Scale

The definition of temperature in terms of molecular motion suggests that there should be a lowest possible temperature, where the average kinetic energy of molecules is zero (or the minimum allowed by quantum mechanics). Experiments confirm the existence of such a temperature, called absolute zero. An absolute temperature scale is one whose zero point is absolute zero. Such scales are convenient in science because several physical quantities, such as the volume of an ideal gas, are directly...

Bioreactor Controls-II

Bioreactor Controls-II

In aerobic fermentations, oxygen is vital for microbial growth and metabolite production. Since air comprises only about 20% oxygen and the gas is poorly soluble in water—just 9 ppm at 20°C—supplying sufficient oxygen becomes a critical challenge, especially in high-demand processes like yeast growth or citric acid production. Even a fully saturated broth may offer only a few seconds of oxygen availability.To address this, sterile or scrubbed air is introduced into the fermentor via a sparger...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Gaussian process regression for thermal transport analysis in infrared imaging video bolometry.

The Review of scientific instruments·2026

Same author

Evidence for the Collective Nature of Radial Flow in Pb+Pb Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

Physical review letters·2026

Same author

Evidence for the Dimuon Decay of the Higgs Boson in pp Collisions with the ATLAS Detector.

Physical review letters·2025

Same author

Evidence for Longitudinally Polarized W Bosons in the Electroweak Production of Same-Sign W Boson Pairs in Association with Two Jets in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV with the ATLAS Detector.

Physical review letters·2025

Same author

Observation of tt[over ¯] Production in Pb+Pb Collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=5.02 TeV with the ATLAS Detector.

Physical review letters·2025

Same author

Search for Fractionally Charged Particles in Proton-Proton Collisions at sqrt[s]=13 TeV.

Physical review letters·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Thermocapillary Convection Space Experiment on the SJ-10 Recoverable Satellite

Thermocapillary Convection Space Experiment on the SJ-10 Recoverable Satellite

Published on: March 11, 2020

Divertor IR thermography on Alcator C-Mod.

J L Terry¹, B LaBombard, D Brunner

¹Plasma Science and Fusion Center, MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. terry@psfc.mit.edu

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|November 2, 2010

Summary

Infrared thermography on Alcator C-Mod tokamak measures divertor heat flux. Modifications and in situ calibration enabled accurate measurements despite challenging conditions similar to ITER.

More Related Videos

Combustion Characterization and Model Fuel Development for Micro-tubular Flame-assisted Fuel Cells

Combustion Characterization and Model Fuel Development for Micro-tubular Flame-assisted Fuel Cells

Published on: October 2, 2016

Thermal Behavior and Power Efficiency Comparison of AC vs. DC Electrical Heating in a Distillation Column Using Infrared Thermography Analysis

Thermal Behavior and Power Efficiency Comparison of AC vs. DC Electrical Heating in a Distillation Column Using Infrared Thermography Analysis

Published on: December 5, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Thermocapillary Convection Space Experiment on the SJ-10 Recoverable Satellite

Thermocapillary Convection Space Experiment on the SJ-10 Recoverable Satellite

Published on: March 11, 2020

Combustion Characterization and Model Fuel Development for Micro-tubular Flame-assisted Fuel Cells

Combustion Characterization and Model Fuel Development for Micro-tubular Flame-assisted Fuel Cells

Published on: October 2, 2016

Thermal Behavior and Power Efficiency Comparison of AC vs. DC Electrical Heating in a Distillation Column Using Infrared Thermography Analysis

Thermal Behavior and Power Efficiency Comparison of AC vs. DC Electrical Heating in a Distillation Column Using Infrared Thermography Analysis

Published on: December 5, 2025

Area of Science:

Plasma physics
Fusion energy research
Thermometry

Background:

Alcator C-Mod presents thermography challenges mirroring ITER, including low-emissivity surfaces and complex geometry.
Accurate measurement of divertor heat flux is crucial for fusion reactor design and operation.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate an infrared (IR) thermography system for measuring incident divertor heat flux in the Alcator C-Mod tokamak.
To address challenges posed by low-emissivity surfaces, surface films, and geometric complexities.

Main Methods:

Modified a 6° toroidal sector of the C-Mod divertor with a 2° toroidal ramp to avoid shadowing.
Employed a toroidally displaced IR camera, thermocouples, and calorimeters for surface temperature and heat flux measurements.
Performed in situ calibration of the IR camera sensitivity using embedded thermocouples to account for emissivity variations.

Main Results:

Successfully obtained time histories of surface temperatures.
Computed incident heat flux profiles using the calibrated thermography data.
Demonstrated a method to correct for emissivity changes caused by surface coatings.

Conclusions:

The implemented IR thermography system provides accurate measurements of divertor heat flux in challenging tokamak environments.
The modifications and calibration techniques developed are applicable to future fusion devices like ITER.
This work advances the capability for in-situ heat flux measurement in fusion research.