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Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation
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Published on: February 4, 2017

Phase-contrast imaging using ultrafast x-rays in laser-shocked materials.

J Workman1, J Cobble, K Flippo

  • 1Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA. workman@lanl.gov

The Review of Scientific Instruments
|November 2, 2010
PubMed
Summary

High-energy X-rays from laser interactions enable detailed imaging of shocked plastics using phase contrast imaging. This technique reveals density gradients in materials transparent to traditional X-ray absorption.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Plasma Physics

Background:

  • High-energy X-rays (>10 keV) are crucial for studying dense materials in inertial confinement fusion and high-energy density physics.
  • These X-rays can also probe low-density materials within high-density Hohlraum environments.
  • Traditional X-ray absorption is limited for transparent materials like plastics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate high-energy X-ray phase contrast imaging for shocked polystyrene.
  • To visualize density gradients in laser-shocked plastic targets.
  • To validate X-ray imaging against hydrodynamics calculations.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a 200 TW Trident laser for both X-ray source generation and target shocking.
  • Produced 17 keV X-rays from laser interaction with a molybdenum wire for a small source size.
  • Drove shocks in 1 mm thick polystyrene using a 2 ns, 250 J, 532 nm laser drive with phase plates.

Main Results:

  • Generated high-energy X-ray images of laser-shocked polystyrene.
  • Observed detailed features in density gradients due to refractive effects (phase contrast imaging).
  • Achieved good agreement between X-ray images and one-dimensional hydro calculations.

Conclusions:

  • Phase contrast imaging with high-energy X-rays is effective for visualizing density gradients in laser-shocked plastics.
  • This method provides valuable insights into material behavior under extreme conditions.
  • The technique shows promise for diagnostics in fusion and high-energy density physics research.