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X-ray Imaging

X-ray Imaging

German physicist Wilhelm Röntgen (1845–1923) was experimenting with electrical current when he discovered that a mysterious and invisible "ray" would pass through his flesh but leave an outline of his bones on a screen coated with a metal compound. In 1895, Röntgen made the first durable record of the internal parts of a living human: an "X-ray" image (as it came to be called) of his wife’s hand. Scientists worldwide quickly began their own experiments with X-rays, and by 1900, X-ray was widely...

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$Synchrotron X-ray Microdiffraction and Fluorescence Imaging of Mineral and Rock Samples$

Synchrotron X-ray Microdiffraction and Fluorescence Imaging of Mineral and Rock Samples

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Simulation of a tangential soft x-ray imaging system.

D J Battaglia¹, M W Shafer, E A Unterberg

¹Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA. dbattagl@pppl.gov

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|November 2, 2010

Summary

Tangential soft x-ray cameras detect nonaxisymmetric plasma structures in fusion devices. A new synthetic diagnostic model, validated with existing data, supports the design of future SXR diagnostics for tokamaks.

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Published on: September 11, 2011

Area of Science:

Plasma physics
Fusion energy research
Diagnostic development

Background:

Nonaxisymmetric plasma structures are crucial for understanding magnetically confined plasmas.
Tangential soft x-ray (SXR) cameras offer a unique perspective for detecting these structures.
Existing SXR diagnostics provide valuable but limited data.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate a synthetic diagnostic model for estimating SXR emission.
To support the design of new tangential SXR camera diagnostics for DIII-D and NSTX tokamaks.
To improve the understanding of static edge magnetic structure under 3D perturbations.

Main Methods:

Utilized the CHIANTI database to create a synthetic diagnostic model.
Employed tangential soft x-ray (SXR) imaging principles.
Validated the model against measurements from an existing NSTX tangential SXR camera.

Main Results:

The synthetic diagnostic model accurately estimates SXR emission.
The model demonstrates good agreement with experimental data from NSTX.
The model is suitable for supporting the design of future SXR diagnostics.

Conclusions:

The developed synthetic diagnostic model is a reliable tool for SXR camera design.
This work facilitates the advancement of plasma structure diagnostics in fusion research.
Future SXR diagnostics will enhance the study of 3D perturbations in tokamaks.