Epidemiologic features of Kawasaki disease in Shanghai from 2003 through 2007

The epidemiologic pictures of Kawasaki disease (KD) in Shanghai from 1998 through 2002 were reported, while the current status of KD in the following five years remains unknown.

A questionnaire form and diagnostic guidelines for KD were sent to 50 hospitals providing pediatric medical care in Shanghai, China. All patients with KD diagnosed during January 2003 through December 2007 were recruited.

In total, 1187 cases of KD were enrolled. The incidence of KD was 36.78 to 53.28 (mean 46.32 ± 6.51) per 100 000 children under the age of 5 years between 2003 and 2007, which was higher than the year from 1998 to 2002 of (27.32 ± 7.11) per 100 000, (t = 4.406, P = 0.002). Ages at onset ranged from 12 days to 13.6 years (median 1.8 years). It occurred more frequently in summer and spring. Coronary arterial lesions (CAL), defined as ectasia or aneurysm, accounted for 19.8% (232 cases). Flattened or inverted T wave was the most frequent finding (194 cases, 20.5%) by electrocardiogram. Intravenous gamma-globulin was administrated to 1028 cases (86.6%). The occurrence of CAL seemed less frequent in the patients received gamma-globulin from day 5 to day 9 after the onset with the regimen of 1000 mg/kg once or 1000 mg/kg twice.

The incidence of KD was increasing in Shanghai. Treatment with intravenous gamma-globulin from day 5 to day 9 after the onset with the regimen of 1000 mg/kg once or 1000 mg/kg twice resulted in less coronary sequelae.