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Related Concept Videos

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus01:25

Assessment of the Rectum and Anus

Evaluating the rectum and anus plays a crucial role in conducting a thorough physical examination of the gastrointestinal system. Although it may be uncomfortable and often embarrassing for the patient, it holds immense diagnostic value, particularly in detecting gastrointestinal diseases and abnormalities. This guide will explain how to perform this assessment using inspection and palpation methods.
Rectal Inspection
Begin by inspecting the perianal and anal areas for color, texture, rashes,...
Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction01:30

Esophageal Strictures-I: Introduction

Esophageal strictures involve abnormal narrowing or tightening of the esophagus. They vary in length and severity, ranging from mild constriction to complete obstruction, and are classified as benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous).
Etiology
The primary cause of esophageal strictures is long-standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), accounting for about 70 to 80% of adult cases. Chronic acid reflux can lead to injury and scarring of the esophageal lining, culminating in...
Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination01:28

Urologic Endoscopic Procedure: Cystoscopic Examination

Meaning of Cystoscopic Examination:Cystoscopy is an essential diagnostic tool in urology that is used to assess the structure and function of the genitourinary system. It provides a direct view of the urethra, bladder, and, in some cases, the ureteral openings. This procedure helps detect structural abnormalities, infections, cancers, and blockages in the urinary tract. There are two types of cystoscopy:Flexible cystoscopy is commonly performed in outpatient settings due to its less invasive...
Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management01:26

Esophageal Strictures-II: Clinical Features and Management

Patients with esophageal strictures often experience a range of symptoms. Initially, they may have difficulty swallowing solid foods, which can progress to include liquids. Additional symptoms may involve chest pain or discomfort, regurgitating food and fluids, heartburn, unintentional weight loss, coughing or choking during meals, and hoarseness.
Healthcare providers should gather a comprehensive medical history and conduct a physical examination for diagnosis. If esophageal stricture is...
Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management01:25

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Robot-Assisted Laparoscopic Splenectomy In Children: A Case Report with Literature Review
05:06

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Published on: March 27, 2026

Rectocele in children: a case report.

Sunny Z Hussain1, Gary D Dunn, Mark F Brown

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA.

Journal of Pediatric Surgery
|November 2, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rectocele, a rectal protrusion into the vagina causing obstructed defecation, is rarely seen in children. This study presents three pediatric cases, with surgical intervention proving effective for symptom resolution.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Gastroenterology
  • Urogynecology

Background:

  • Rectocele, characterized by anterior rectal wall protrusion into the vagina, typically presents with obstructed defecation.
  • This condition is predominantly observed in adult females, with limited documentation in males and no prior reports in pediatric populations.

Observation:

  • Three pediatric cases of rectocele with obstructed defecation, including constipation and refractory straining, are presented.
  • Diagnosis was confirmed using defecography.
  • Two patients underwent surgical treatment, while one received conservative management.

Findings:

  • Surgical intervention resulted in complete resolution of rectocele symptoms in the pediatric patients.
  • Postoperative recovery was uneventful for surgically treated individuals.

Implications:

  • Further multicenter studies utilizing radiologic assessments are recommended for children with refractory constipation to better define pediatric rectocele.
  • Early identification and management may prevent severe rectal and uterovaginal prolapse in children.