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Related Concept Videos

Atypical Pneumonia01:14

Atypical Pneumonia

Atypical pneumonia, often caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, is a form of pulmonary infection that differs from the classical presentation of bacterial pneumonia in both its cause and clinical symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a pleomorphic bacterium notable for its lack of a rigid cell wall. This structural characteristic imparts resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics and significantly influences the bacterium’s behavior within the human host.Other pathogens responsible for the disease include...
Cryptococcal Meningitis01:27

Cryptococcal Meningitis

Cryptococcal meningitis is a life-threatening opportunistic infection predominantly associated with HIV/AIDS, accounting for over 100,000 deaths annually worldwide. However, it also affects individuals with other forms of immunosuppression, including those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy, organ transplant recipients, patients with innate immunodeficiencies, and individuals with hematological disorders. The infection is caused mainly by Cryptococcus neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii,...
Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology01:29

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:

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Related Experiment Videos

Disseminated Nocardia nova infection.

Geeta Arora1, Mark Friedman, Richard P Macdermott

  • 1Department of Medicine, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY, USA. geetaarora@gmail.com

Southern Medical Journal
|November 2, 2010
PubMed
Summary

A woman with ulcerative colitis developed a Nocardia nova infection affecting her skin and extremities. Prompt treatment with antibiotics led to a full recovery.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Microbiology
  • Immunocompromised Hosts

Background:

  • Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Immunosuppressive therapies like prednisone and azathioprine are common UC treatments.
  • These therapies can increase susceptibility to opportunistic infections.

Observation:

  • A 61-year-old female UC patient on prednisone and azathioprine presented with fever, cough, and localized lesions.
  • Physical examination revealed a swollen lower extremity, wrist nodules, and scalp nodules.
  • CT scans identified multiple disseminated lesions throughout the body.

Findings:

  • Cultures from lesions on the lower extremity, wrist, and scalp all identified Nocardia nova.
  • Nocardia nova is an opportunistic bacterium known to cause disseminated infections in immunocompromised individuals.

Related Experiment Videos

  • This case highlights a rare presentation of nocardiosis in an immunosuppressed UC patient.

    • Implications:

    • Early recognition and diagnosis of Nocardia infections are crucial in immunocompromised patients.
    • Aggressive and prolonged antibiotic therapy, such as trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, is effective.
    • This case underscores the importance of considering opportunistic infections in patients with inflammatory bowel disease on immunosuppressants.