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Related Concept Videos

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Metabolism

Geriatric patients show significant variation in how their bodies process medications, which can change how effective and safe treatments are. The liver is the primary organ where drug metabolism occurs, involving two main types of chemical reactions: phase I and II. Phase I metabolism is driven by the cytochrome P450 enzyme system, which includes key types such as CYP3A, CYP2D6, and CYP2C9. Research indicates that while aging doesn't notably alter the levels or activity of these enzymes, it...
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution01:00

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the human body is influenced by several factors, including plasma protein concentration, body composition, blood flow, tissue-protein concentration, and tissue fluid pH. Among these, changes in plasma protein concentration and body composition due to aging significantly affect how drugs are distributed within the body. Specifically, aging is associated with a decrease in albumin levels by about 10% and an increase in α1-acid glycoprotein levels. These alterations are not...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion01:18

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Excretion

In geriatric patients, renal physiology undergoes significant changes, including diminished renal blood flow and a lower glomerular filtration rate (GFR), leading to alterations in medication clearance. Drugs such as aminoglycoside antibiotics, lithium, and digoxin, which rely on glomerular filtration for removal from the body, particularly impact pharmacokinetics. These drugs tend to have slower clearance rates in older adults, necessitating careful dosage considerations.Evaluation of renal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Semi-Targeted Ultra-High-Performance Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Phenolic Metabolites in Plasma of Elderly Adults
14:39

Semi-Targeted Ultra-High-Performance Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Phenolic Metabolites in Plasma of Elderly Adults

Published on: April 22, 2022

Drug consumption among Polish centenarians.

A Rajska-Neumann1, M Mossakowska, A Klich-Rączka

  • 1Department of Geriatrics and Gerontology, University of Medical Science, 6 Swiecickiego Street, 60-681 Poznan, Poland.

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
|November 3, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Polish centenarians use fewer medications and have lower rates of polypharmacy compared to the general elderly population. This study highlights potentially inappropriate drug use in this unique demographic.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Semi-Targeted Ultra-High-Performance Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Phenolic Metabolites in Plasma of Elderly Adults
14:39

Semi-Targeted Ultra-High-Performance Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Phenolic Metabolites in Plasma of Elderly Adults

Published on: April 22, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology and Geriatric Medicine
  • Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology

Background:

  • Centenarians represent a unique population for studying aging and pharmacotherapy.
  • Understanding medication use in the very old is crucial for optimizing health outcomes and preventing adverse drug events.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively and qualitatively describe the pharmacotherapy of Polish centenarians.
  • To assess the prevalence of polypharmacy and potentially inappropriate medication use in this age group.

Main Methods:

  • A study was conducted on 92 Polish centenarians (mean age 101.7 years).
  • Data collected included the number of prescription and non-prescription drugs used daily.
  • Medication data was analyzed for polypharmacy (≥5 drugs) and potentially inappropriate medications using Beers criteria.

Main Results:

  • 19.6% of centenarians used no drugs daily; the mean number of drugs per person was 2.5.
  • Polypharmacy (≥5 drugs) was observed in 32.6% of subjects.
  • Gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and central nervous system drugs were most commonly used; 8.1% used potentially inappropriate drugs.

Conclusions:

  • Polish centenarians exhibit lower mean drug use and polypharmacy rates compared to the general elderly population.
  • The prevalence of potentially inappropriate medication use in this cohort is relatively low.
  • Findings suggest a potentially more favorable pharmacotherapy profile in Polish centenarians.