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Age-related difference on weight transfer during unconstrained standing.

Janina M Prado1, Mauro C M Dinato, Marcos Duarte

  • 1Neuroscience Program and School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Mello de Moraes 65, São Paulo/SP, Brazil.

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Elderly adults perform significantly fewer large weight transfers during natural standing compared to younger adults. This subtle difference in postural control may indicate underlying balance impairments not detected by standard mobility tests.

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Biomechanics
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Weight transfer is crucial for daily activities.
  • Age-related changes in postural control are not fully understood.
  • Unconstrained standing reveals subtle balance differences.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare weight transfer ability in elderly versus young adults during unconstrained standing.
  • To investigate age-related differences in postural control.
  • To identify subtle balance impairments in older adults.

Main Methods:

  • 19 elderly (65-80 years) and 19 young adults (18-30 years) stood for 30 minutes on separate force plates.
  • Measured weight transfer, limits of stability, and base of support width.
  • Assessed mobility (Timed Up and Go, walking speed) and fear of falling.

Main Results:

  • Elderly adults performed 4x fewer large amplitude weight transfers (>50% body weight).
  • Elderly adults had significantly smaller limits of stability and base of support width.
  • No significant differences were found in mobility measures or fear of falling scores.

Conclusions:

  • Age-related decline in weight transfer during unconstrained standing is significant.
  • This subtle deficit in postural control may precede functional mobility decline.
  • Unconstrained standing tasks can reveal unnoticed balance impairments in older adults.