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Published on: July 24, 2015
Defect characterization in graphene and carbon nanotubes using Raman spectroscopy
M S Dresselhaus1, A Jorio, A G Souza Filho
1Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA. millie@mgm.mit.edu
Summary
This review explores defect-induced processes in nanographite, graphene, and carbon nanotubes using Raman spectroscopy and theoretical models. It details how disorder affects spectral features and atomic structures, offering insights into defect characterization.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Spectroscopy
Background:
- Defects significantly influence the electronic and structural properties of carbon nanomaterials.
- Understanding defect-induced phenomena is crucial for tailoring material performance.
- Raman spectroscopy and theoretical models are key tools for probing these effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review advances in studying defect-induced double-resonance processes in nanographite, graphene, and carbon nanotubes.
- To discuss the evolution of disorder-induced spectral features with increasing disorder.
- To highlight the role of defects in altering Raman-allowed peak lineshapes.
Main Methods:
- Combining Raman spectroscopic experiments with microscopy studies.
- Development of new theoretical models for defect analysis.
- Investigating ion-bombarded graphene and nanographite with varying disorder levels.
Main Results:
- Disorder-induced peak frequencies and intensities were analyzed, showing clear evolution patterns.
- Raman spectroscopy successfully identified defect structures, distinguishing between zigzag and armchair edges.
- Local electron and phonon energy renormalization due to defects was observed in doped single-walled carbon nanotubes.
Conclusions:
- Defect-induced double-resonance processes in carbon nanomaterials are well-studied through integrated experimental and theoretical approaches.
- Raman spectroscopy provides atomic-level insights into defect structures and their impact on material properties.
- Further research can leverage these findings for advanced material design and application.
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