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Updated: Jun 7, 2026

A Murine Tail Lymphedema Model
Published on: February 10, 2021
Optimizing outcome of charles procedure for chronic lower extremity lymphoedema
Vasu Karri1, Ming-Chin Yang, Il Jae Lee
1Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, E-Da Hospital/I-Shou University, Kaohsiung County, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Background:
The Charles procedure for late-stage lower limb lymphoedema (LLL) is often criticized for its unpredictable and poor results. We have adopted a systematic approach to optimize outcome of patients treated with this excisional surgery.
Methods:
From June 2004 to March 2009 we performed the Charles procedure on 1 lower limb of 19 women and 8 men with late-stage LLL. Mean age and follow-up was 48 (range, 16.5-77.8) years and 21.6 (range, 1.5-48) months, respectively.
Results:
Average inpatient stay was 27 (range, 11-54) days. After discharge, 16 (59.3%) patients underwent further minor surgery. The most frequent complication was a single, short episode of cellulitis, affecting 5 (18.5%) patients. Self-reported mobility was either the same or improved at 6 months, and appearance of their limbs satisfactory.
Conclusions:
The Charles procedure is an effective treatment for selected patients and by applying our systematic approach, a positive outcome can be achieved.
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