Zernike apodized photon sieves for high-resolution phase-contrast x-ray microscopy
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Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Quantitative Optical Microscopy: Measurement of Cellular Biophysical Features with a Standard Optical Microscope
Published on: April 7, 2014
Guanxiao Cheng1, Chao Hu, Ping Xu
1Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China. guanxiaocheng@yahoo.cn
Abstract:
We present a type of diffractive lens, Zernike apodized photon sieves (ZAPS), used as the objective for high spatial resolution and high phase-contrast imaging of weakly absorbing materials in x rays. The structure of ZAPS is based on the combination of two concepts: apodized photon sieves and Zernike phase contrast. The ZAPS is a single optic that integrates the appropriate ±π/2 rad phase shift through selective zone placement shifts in an apodized photon sieve. Analysis of the focusing properties of the apodized photon sieve in terms of point-spread function show that the sidelobes have been significantly suppressed at the expense of slightly widening the width of the main lobe. In combination with synchrotron light sources, ZAPS offers new opportunities for high-resolution phase-contrast x-ray microscopy in the physical and life sciences.
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