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Purinergic receptors on blood platelets
1Biologie et Pharmacologie des Interactions du Sang avec les Vaisseaux et les Biomatériaux, Etablissement de Transfusion Sanguine, 10 rue Spielmann, B.P. No. 36, 67065, Strasbourg, Cédex, France.
Platelets
|November 4, 2010
Summary
Platelets respond to extracellular adenine nucleotides via P2 purinergic receptors. This review proposes a model of at least two receptors involved in ADP-mediated platelet aggregation and calcium signaling.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Physiology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- Extracellular adenine nucleotides, like ADP, regulate physiological processes via P2 purinergic receptors.
- Platelet aggregation, crucial for hemostasis and thrombosis, is significantly influenced by ADP.
- The specific platelet ADP receptor (P2T purinoceptor) remains largely unidentified, with evidence suggesting multiple receptors are involved.
Purpose of the Study:
- To elucidate the mechanisms by which platelets respond to ADP.
- To identify the specific P2 purinergic receptors mediating ADP's effects on platelets.
- To propose a model for ADP receptor involvement in platelet function.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on P2 purinergic receptors and platelet physiology.
- Analysis of existing research on ADP's role in platelet aggregation and signaling.
- Synthesis of data to propose a receptor model.
Main Results:
- P2 purinoceptors are classified into P2Y (G-protein coupled) and P2X (ligand-gated ion channels).
- ADP-induced platelet aggregation is a key factor in arterial thrombosis.
- Evidence suggests at least two distinct receptors mediate ADP's effects on platelets.
Conclusions:
- A model involving at least two receptors is proposed for ADP's action on platelets.
- One proposed receptor (potentially P2X1) mediates rapid calcium influx.
- Another proposed receptor (potentially P2Y1) mediates aggregation and adenylyl cyclase inhibition.
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