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Establishment of a Simple and Effective Rat Model for Intraoperative Parathyroid Gland Imaging
Published on: August 17, 2022
Parathyroid pathology: hyperparathyroidism and parathyroid tumors
1Department of Pathology, ClevelandClinic Florida, Weston, FL 33331, USA. carlsod@ccf.org
Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
|November 4, 2010
Summary
Primary hyperparathyroidism, often caused by parathyroid adenomas, is a common condition. Genetic mutations in the HRPT2 gene are linked to parathyroid carcinoma, suggesting a need to consider familial syndromes.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology
- Pathology
- Oncology
Background:
- Primary hyperparathyroidism is the leading cause of hypercalcemia in outpatients.
- Parathyroid adenomas are the most frequent parathyroid tumors.
- This review summarizes current knowledge in parathyroid pathology.
Purpose of the Study:
- Review parathyroid development.
- Discuss hyperparathyroidism and parathyroid lesion diagnosis.
- Highlight the use of immunohistochemistry and molecular biology.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current texts.
- Searched PubMed (National Library of Medicine) articles.
- Included Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center archives.
Main Results:
- Sporadic adenomas are the most common cause of primary hyperparathyroidism.
- Hyperplasia and multiple adenomas are less common.
- Parathyroid carcinoma is rare but associated with familial syndromes.
Conclusions:
- Familial hyperparathyroidism syndromes are important in evaluating parathyroid lesions, especially carcinoma.
- Hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome increases parathyroid carcinoma risk.
- HRPT2 gene mutations in parathyroid carcinoma suggest potential for identifying syndromic patients.
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