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Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
Transmission-based Precautions I: Contact, Enteric, and Droplets01:17

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Transmission-based precautions are for patients known to be infected or suspected to be infected or colonized with organisms that pose a significant risk to others. Some transmission-based precautions include contact, enteric, and droplet.
Contact Precautions:
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
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Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence01:28

Infectious Diseases and Their Occurrence

Infectious diseases appear in populations through various transmission patterns, influenced by pathogen characteristics, population immunity, environmental conditions, and social behavior. Understanding these patterns is essential for effective public health surveillance and intervention. These categories—sporadic, outbreak, epidemic, pandemic, and endemic—help frame the nature and scope of disease events.Sporadic diseases occur irregularly and infrequently, without a predictable temporal or...
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Respiratory Syncytial Virus Disease

Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a widespread pathogen that primarily targets infants and young children but also poses a serious health risk to elderly and immunocompromised individuals. Belonging to the Pneumoviridae family, RSV is a negative-sense, single-stranded RNA virus within the Pneumovirus genus. Its global health burden is significant, with millions of cases annually resulting in hospitalizations and mortality, particularly in resource-limited settings. Although most...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

A High-throughput Platform for the Screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp.
06:55

A High-throughput Platform for the Screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp.

Published on: November 7, 2018

Weather variability and paediatric infectious gastroenteritis.

D Onozuka1, M Hashizume

  • 1Department of Planning Information and Administration, Fukuoka Institute of Health and Environmental Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan. onozuka@fihes.pref.fukuoka.jp

Epidemiology and Infection
|November 4, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Weather variability significantly impacts infectious gastroenteritis (IG) in children. Rising temperatures below 13°C increase IG cases, while higher temperatures decrease them, with young children most affected.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

A High-throughput Platform for the Screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp.
06:55

A High-throughput Platform for the Screening of Salmonella spp./Shigella spp.

Published on: November 7, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Climate Change Epidemiology

Background:

  • Growing concern over climate change impacts on public health.
  • Children are particularly vulnerable to environmental changes.
  • Limited research on weather variability's effect on childhood infectious gastroenteritis (IG).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between weather variability and IG incidence in children.
  • To identify specific weather factors influencing IG cases in pediatric populations.
  • To inform public health strategies for mitigating climate-sensitive diseases in children.

Main Methods:

  • Time-series analysis of IG cases in children (<15 years) and weather data (2000-2008) in Fukuoka, Japan.
  • Statistical modeling to assess the impact of temperature and relative humidity on IG incidence.
  • Age-stratified analysis to determine differential vulnerability.

Main Results:

  • An inverted V-shaped relationship between temperature and IG incidence, with an optimal temperature around 13°C.
  • Increased IG cases with rising temperatures below 13°C (23.2% per 1°C increase) and decreased cases above 13°C (11.8% per 1°C increase).
  • A 3.9% increase in IG cases for every 1% drop in relative humidity; highest incidence observed in children aged 0-4 years.

Conclusions:

  • Weather variability, particularly temperature and humidity, significantly influences infectious gastroenteritis in children.
  • Young children (0-4 years) exhibit the highest susceptibility to weather-related IG.
  • Public health interventions targeting weather-sensitive IG should prioritize young children.