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Related Concept Videos

Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
Genital Herpes01:23

Genital Herpes

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted infection primarily caused by herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), though herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is increasingly implicated in genital infections, particularly among younger populations. Transmission occurs mainly through sexual contact, with asymptomatic viral shedding serving as a major route of spread. This characteristic makes HSV-2 difficult to control at a population level, as individuals may unknowingly transmit the virus even in the...
Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care01:30

Urinary Tract Infection III: Diagnostic Studies and Interprofessional Care

A healthcare provider can diagnose a urinary tract infection (UTI) through several methods:Medical History and Symptoms: The provider will take a detailed medical history and ask about symptoms such as frequent urination, burning sensation during urination, and lower abdominal pain.Urinalysis: A clean-catch urine sample is collected in a sterile container and tested for the presence of bacteria, white blood cells (leukocytes), nitrites, blood, and protein. The presence of leukocytes and...
Amebiasis01:28

Amebiasis

Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan parasite, is responsible for intestinal and extraintestinal amebiasis. Though a significant proportion of infections remain asymptomatic, approximately 50 million individuals annually are estimated to present with clinical disease, resulting in up to 100,000 deaths globally. The disease burden is disproportionately high in regions with lower socioeconomic status, such as parts of India, Africa, Mexico, and Latin America.Etiology and TransmissionThe infective...
Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test01:26

Urine Studies II: Urine Culture and Sensitivity Test

A urine culture and sensitivity test is a diagnostic procedure used to identify urinary tract bacterial infections and determine the most effective antibiotics for treatment. This test is generally preferred when a patient shows manifestations of a urinary tract infection, such as frequent or painful urination, cloudy or foul-smelling urine, or lower abdominal pain.Purpose of the TestThe primary goals of a urine culture and sensitivity test are to:Determine the specific bacteria causing the...
Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures01:22

Healthcare Associated Infections II: Preventive Measures

Essential infection prevention measures are based on the knowledge of the infection chain, the modes of transmission in healthcare settings, and the use of the best practices in all healthcare settings. Compulsory public reporting of healthcare-associated infection rates is needed to allow individuals and the community to make informed choices regarding selecting a healthcare facility.
The best practices for preventing healthcare-associated infections include hand hygiene, patient risk...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Generating Whole Bacterial Genomes from Clinical Samples using a Target Enrichment Workflow
10:44

Generating Whole Bacterial Genomes from Clinical Samples using a Target Enrichment Workflow

Published on: August 15, 2025

Testing for sexually transmitted infections in general practice: cross-sectional study.

Katharine E Sadler1, Nicola Low, Catherine H Mercer

  • 1Research Department of Infection and Population Health, University College London, London, UK.

BMC Public Health
|November 5, 2010
PubMed
Summary

General practices in England show significant geographical variation in chlamydia and HIV testing, highlighting a need for improved sexual health services. Targeted interventions are crucial to enhance access to timely sexually transmitted infection and HIV testing.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Generating Whole Bacterial Genomes from Clinical Samples using a Target Enrichment Workflow
10:44

Generating Whole Bacterial Genomes from Clinical Samples using a Target Enrichment Workflow

Published on: August 15, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Sexual health
  • Public health
  • General practice services

Background:

  • Primary care in England is a key provider of sexual health services.
  • Exploration of chlamydia and HIV testing within general practice is essential for understanding sexual health care delivery.
  • Two contrasting geographical settings were chosen to examine testing practices and their relation to sexual health indicators.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the extent of chlamydia and HIV testing in general practices across England.
  • To analyze the relationship between testing rates, practice characteristics, and population-level sexual health markers.
  • To identify geographical disparities in sexual health testing provision within primary care.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of chlamydia and HIV testing data from general practices and genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinics in Brent and Avon.
  • Examination of associations between practice testing status, practice demographics, and indicators of sexual health need (teenage conception rates, Index of Multiple Deprivation).

Main Results:

  • A significant proportion of general practices in Brent (19%) and fewer in Avon (2.1%) reported no HIV or chlamydia testing.
  • Practices with no HIV testing in Brent served more deprived areas and had higher teenage conception rates.
  • Testing rates for chlamydia and HIV varied considerably, with Avon showing higher rates than Brent. Brent practices tested fewer patients under 25 for chlamydia compared to Avon.

Conclusions:

  • Substantial geographical variations exist in the intensity of chlamydia and HIV testing within general practice settings.
  • Interventions are necessary to promote sexually transmitted infection and HIV testing in primary care to improve sexual health outcomes.
  • Routine data collection and evaluation are recommended for monitoring and planning sexual health services effectively.