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Related Concept Videos

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias01:18

Dysrhythmias IV: Characteristics of Bradyarrhythmias

Bradyarrhythmias are cardiac rhythm disorders characterized by a slower-than-normal heart rate, typically defined as fewer than 60 beats per minute. Some of which are discussed here:Sinus BradycardiaSinus bradycardia presents a heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute, with a regular rhythm originating from the SA node. The ECG typically shows normal P waves preceding each QRS complex, a normal PR interval (0.12 to 0.20 seconds), and a normal QRS duration (0.06 to 0.10 seconds).First-Degree AV...
Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle01:25

Correlation between ECG and Cardiac Cycle

The electrical signals recorded on an electrocardiogram (ECG) occur before the mechanical processes of contraction and relaxation during the cardiac cycle.
A cardiac action potential originates in the SA node and spreads throughout the atria and the AV node in approximately 0.03 seconds. This results in the P wave in an ECG and triggers atrial contraction. The action potential is then briefly slowed at the AV node, allowing the atria to contract and fill the ventricles with blood before...
Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias01:29

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per minute.
Disturbances in Heart Rhythm01:29

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...
Cardiac Action Potential01:30

Cardiac Action Potential

Cardiac action potentials are essential for proper heart function, enabling the rhythmic contractions needed for adequate blood circulation. Nodal cells and Purkinje fibers, specialized for electrical conduction, generate these action potentials.
The cardiac action potential process involves a series of phases characterized by the movement of ions across the cardiac cell membranes, leading to the depolarization and repolarization of the cardiac myocytes.
Ionic Basis of Cardiac Action Potentials
Regulation of Stroke Volume01:27

Regulation of Stroke Volume

The regulation of stroke volume, which is the amount of blood the heart pumps out during each heartbeat, is critical for maintaining a healthy circulatory system. Stroke volume is influenced by three main factors: preload, contractility, and afterload.
Preload refers to the degree of stretch on the heart before it contracts. It's analogous to the stretching of a rubber band; the more it's stretched, the more forcefully it snaps back. This concept is encapsulated in the Frank-Starling law of the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Pulse-Wave Velocity, Flow-Mediated Dilation, and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness to Assess Cardiovascular Risk in Population with Metabolic Syndrome
06:04

Pulse-Wave Velocity, Flow-Mediated Dilation, and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness to Assess Cardiovascular Risk in Population with Metabolic Syndrome

Published on: September 27, 2024

P wave duration changes and dispersion. A risk factor or autonomic dysfunction in stroke?

Abdulkadir Kocer1, Irfan Barutcu, Selcuk Atakay

  • 1Neurology Department, Duzce Medical Faculty, Duzce University, Duzce, Turkey. Tel. +90 (505) 4262828.

Neurosciences (Riyadh, Saudi Arabia)
|November 5, 2010
PubMed
Summary

P wave durations and dispersion were similar in acute stroke patients and healthy controls. Further research is needed to understand autonomic nervous system dysfunction in stroke patients.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Pulse-Wave Velocity, Flow-Mediated Dilation, and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness to Assess Cardiovascular Risk in Population with Metabolic Syndrome
06:04

Pulse-Wave Velocity, Flow-Mediated Dilation, and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness to Assess Cardiovascular Risk in Population with Metabolic Syndrome

Published on: September 27, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Electrocardiography

Background:

  • Electrocardiographic (ECG) changes, including P wave alterations, have been previously reported in acute stroke patients.
  • The relationship between P wave characteristics and stroke requires further elucidation, particularly in carefully selected patient cohorts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate P wave duration and dispersion in patients experiencing their first acute ischemic stroke.
  • To compare these electrocardiographic parameters between stroke patients and a control group of healthy individuals.

Main Methods:

  • A 12-lead surface ECG was performed on 67 first-ever acute ischemic stroke patients and 58 healthy controls.
  • Exclusion criteria included a history of atrial fibrillation, cardiac problems, or use of cardiovascular/psychiatric medications.

Main Results:

  • P wave durations and dispersion were comparable between the stroke patient group and the control group.
  • A positive correlation was observed between increasing age and minimum P wave duration (Pmin).
  • Statistically significant differences in mean Pmin were found between male and female patients (p=0.04).

Conclusions:

  • This study found no significant differences in P wave durations or dispersion between acute stroke patients and controls, potentially due to strict exclusion criteria.
  • The findings suggest that autonomic nervous system dysfunctions contributing to cardiac abnormalities in stroke warrant more in-depth investigation.