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Urinary Bladder

Urinary Bladder

The urinary bladder is a hollow, muscular sac that temporarily stores urine before it is expelled from the body. It can hold approximately 600 mL of urine prior to micturition. The bladder is retroperitoneal and located behind the pubic symphysis in the pelvic floor.
In males, the bladder is situated in front of the rectum, while in females, it is positioned anterior to the vagina and uterus. The bladder floor contains an inverted triangular area called the trigone, defined by the two ureteric...

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

Anatomy of the Genitourinary System II: Bladder and Urethra

The lower urinary system consists of the urinary bladder and urethra, which are essential in storing and expelling urine from the body. Together with the internal and external sphincters, these structures work together to regulate urination effectively.Anatomy of the BladderThe urinary bladder is a muscular, stretchable organ behind the pubic bone and in front of the rectum. In females, the bladder is positioned anterior to the vagina and inferior to the uterus, while in males, it is located...

Ureters

Ureters

The ureters are retroperitoneal tubes located on either side of the vertebral column. They are responsible for transporting urine from each kidney to the urinary bladder. These tubes have thick walls and are approximately 25-30 cm long. Their diameter is around 10 mm at the renal pelvis, gradually narrowing to 1 mm as the ureter obliquely enters the posterior bladder wall through the ureteric orifices. The shape of these orifices is slit-like, which helps to prevent urine backflow toward the...

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Urinary Tract Calculi VI: Surgical Management

Procedures for Kidney StonesMedical intervention is necessary when kidney stones or renal calculi are too large to pass spontaneously (typically greater than 5 millimeters) when stones are accompanied by symptomatic infection (such as fever or pyelonephritis), when they impair kidney function, or when they cause persistent symptoms like severe pain, nausea, or urinary retention. Additionally, patients with only one kidney or those who cannot be treated with medical management also require...

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

Urinary Tract Infection I: Introduction

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) impact various parts of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. These infections are generally bacterial, with Escherichia coli being the most common causative agent, often originating from the gastrointestinal tract. However, other bacteria, such as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus mirabilis, are also known to cause UTIs. The type, location, and underlying complexity of the UTI guide both...

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

Urinary Tract Infection II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses several progressive stages, beginning with bacterial colonization and culminating in potential systemic complications if untreated. UTIs are primarily initiated by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often originate from the gastrointestinal tract and migrate to the urinary system through the periurethral area. This migration can occur via several routes, including improper hygiene practices, sexual activity, or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

A Murine Model of Irreversible and Reversible Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction

A Murine Model of Irreversible and Reversible Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction

Published on: December 20, 2014

[Entero-urinary fistula].

Abdallah Bensouda¹, Khalid El Hader, Leila Sbihi

¹Service d'Urologie B, Hôpital Ibn Sina, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Rabat/Salé, Rabat, Morocco.

La Tunisie Medicale

|November 5, 2010

Summary

This study reviewed 18 cases of entero-urinary fistulas, finding surgery to be the primary cause. Management, though challenging, focused on surgical repair to prevent recurrence.

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A Murine Model of Irreversible and Reversible Unilateral Ureteric Obstruction

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Area of Science:

Urology
Surgical Gastroenterology

Context:

Entero-urinary fistulas are complex conditions often resulting from surgical complications.
Diagnosis and management require a multidisciplinary approach.

Purpose:

To present the diagnostic and management outcomes for entero-urinary fistulas.
To analyze the etiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies.

Summary:

A retrospective study of 18 patients with entero-urinary fistulas treated between 1989-2006.
Surgery was the main etiology; common presentations included recurrent UTIs, pneumaturia, and fecaluria.
Voiding retrograde cystourethrography and CT scans were key diagnostic tools; surgical repair was successful in 15 patients with no reported complications.

Impact:

Highlights the challenges in managing entero-urinary fistulas, emphasizing the importance of appropriate surgical techniques.
Provides insights into diagnostic modalities and treatment outcomes, aiding in clinical decision-making for similar cases.