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Related Concept Videos

Aging01:26

Aging

Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
Abnormal Proliferation02:23

Abnormal Proliferation

Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...
Mitochondria01:37

Mitochondria

Mitochondria are eukaryotic cellular organelles that are known to produce energy through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. Besides their primary function, mitochondria are involved in various cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, signaling, metabolism, and senescence. Age-related changes cause a decline in mitochondrial quality and integrity due to increased mitochondrial mutations and oxidative damage. Thus, aging can severely impact mitochondrial functions,...
Nucleotide Excision Repair01:38

Nucleotide Excision Repair

DNA Distortion and Damage
Cells are regularly exposed to mutagens—factors in the environment that can damage DNA and generate mutations. UV radiation is one of the most common mutagens and is estimated to introduce a significant number of changes in DNA. These include bends or kinks in the structure, which can block DNA replication or transcription. If these errors are not fixed, the damage can cause mutations, which in turn can result in cancer or disease depending on which sequences are...

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Updated: Jun 7, 2026

A Quantitative Measurement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Senescence-associated Secretory Phenotype in Normal Human Fibroblasts During Oncogene-induced Senescence
13:59

A Quantitative Measurement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Senescence-associated Secretory Phenotype in Normal Human Fibroblasts During Oncogene-induced Senescence

Published on: August 12, 2018

p53, oxidative stress, and aging.

Dongping Liu1, Yang Xu

  • 1Section of Molecular Biology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California-San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling
|November 6, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Oxidative stress drives aging in mammals. The p53 protein shifts between antioxidant and pro-oxidant roles, influencing cell survival and death, which is crucial for longevity.

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Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

A Quantitative Measurement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Senescence-associated Secretory Phenotype in Normal Human Fibroblasts During Oncogene-induced Senescence
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A Quantitative Measurement of Reactive Oxygen Species and Senescence-associated Secretory Phenotype in Normal Human Fibroblasts During Oncogene-induced Senescence

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Defining Hsp33's Redox-regulated Chaperone Activity and Mapping Conformational Changes on Hsp33 Using Hydrogen-deuterium Exchange Mass Spectrometry

Published on: June 7, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Mammalian aging correlates with increased oxidative damage due to imbalanced antioxidant and prooxidant activities.
  • Oxidative stress is recognized as a key physiological factor contributing to the aging process.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the role of p53, a critical protein in cellular stress response, as a potential regulator of oxidative stress and aging.
  • To understand how p53's dual antioxidant and pro-oxidant functions influence cellular fate and aging.

Main Methods:

  • The study reviews existing evidence on p53's function in response to varying levels of oxidative stress.
  • Analysis of p53's gene regulatory mechanisms and modulation of cellular pathways involved in oxidative stress response.

Main Results:

  • p53 acts as an antioxidant at low oxidative stress levels, promoting cell survival.
  • At high oxidative stress levels, p53 exhibits pro-oxidant activity, leading to cell death.
  • The context-dependent switch in p53 function is mediated by regulating specific genes and pathways.

Conclusions:

  • A balanced regulation of p53's antioxidant and pro-oxidant activities is vital for longevity.
  • Maintaining this balance helps mitigate oxidative stress and DNA damage accumulation, thereby influencing the aging process.