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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna

The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side of the...
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a short...
Healing II: Complications01:24

Healing II: Complications

Complications during healing arise when tissue repair is altered by local or systemic factors. These changes involve abnormal collagen deposition, altered biomechanics, and reduced vascular supply, impairing restoration of normal structure and function.Loss of FunctionScar tissue differs significantly from the original tissue it replaces. In the skin, fibrosis lacks adnexal structures such as hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and sweat glands. Their absence reduces tactile sensitivity, impairs...
Muscles that Move the Forearm01:16

Muscles that Move the Forearm

The muscles that move the forearms can be divided into four groups: forearm flexors, forearm extensors, forearm pronators, and forearm supinators. The flexors and extensors act on the elbow joint, while the pronators and supinators act on the radioulnar joints.
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Novel Triple-Loop Technique for Suturing TFCC Injuries without Transosseous Tunnel
08:27

Novel Triple-Loop Technique for Suturing TFCC Injuries without Transosseous Tunnel

Published on: May 23, 2025

Elbow joint contracture after traumatic injury.

Curtis Myden1, Kevin Hildebrand

  • 1Division of Orthopedics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. camyden@ucalgary.ca

Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
|November 6, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Traumatic elbow injuries can lead to joint contractures, impacting range of motion. Early detection of stalled progress is key to preventing long-term complications and the need for reoperation.

Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic surgery
  • Traumatology
  • Rehabilitation medicine

Background:

  • Traumatic elbow injuries are common and can result in significant functional deficits.
  • Elbow joint contracture is a known complication that can limit range of motion and require further intervention.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively evaluate elbow range of motion (ROM) up to 1 year post-injury.
  • To determine the incidence of secondary interventions for elbow joint contracture following traumatic injuries.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective follow-up of 25 subjects with various traumatic elbow injuries (fractures, dislocations, etc.).
  • Data collection on elbow ROM (flexion-extension, pronation-supination) over 52 weeks.
  • Documentation of reoperations, specifically those related to joint contracture.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Novel Triple-Loop Technique for Suturing TFCC Injuries without Transosseous Tunnel
08:27

Novel Triple-Loop Technique for Suturing TFCC Injuries without Transosseous Tunnel

Published on: May 23, 2025

Main Results:

  • Significant improvement in all ROM measures was observed up to 1 year (P < .05).
  • At 1 year, 88% of subjects achieved a flexion-extension arc >100°, and 96% achieved a pronation-supination arc >100°.
  • Five subjects (20%) required reoperation, with 3 (12%) due to elbow joint contracture.

Conclusions:

  • Traumatic elbow injuries pose a risk of joint contracture, affecting 12% of patients and necessitating reoperation in some cases.
  • Elbow ROM continues to improve for up to a year.
  • Lack of ROM progress by 3 months post-injury may indicate impending joint contracture.