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Related Experiment Video

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In Vivo Dynamics of Retinal Microglial Activation During Neurodegeneration: Confocal Ophthalmoscopic Imaging and Cell Morphometry in Mouse Glaucoma
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Microglial activation in healthy aging.

Alie Schuitemaker1, Thalia F van der Doef, Ronald Boellaard

  • 1Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Centre, VU University Medical Centre, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. a.schuitemaker@vumc.nl

Neurobiology of Aging
|November 6, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Healthy brain aging involves microglial activation, a marker of neuronal loss. This study used (R)-[(11)C]PK11195 positron emission tomography to visualize and quantify this activation across the lifespan.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Healthy brain aging is associated with neuronal loss and cognitive decline.
  • Microglial activation is a key indicator of neuronal damage and has been observed in aging brains.
  • In vivo quantification of microglial activation is possible using (R)-[(11)C]PK11195 positron emission tomography.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To measure the specific binding of (R)-[(11)C]PK11195 in healthy individuals across a broad age range.
  • To investigate the relationship between aging and microglial activation in the human brain.
  • To determine the distribution of activated microglia in the aging brain.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 35 healthy subjects aged 19-79 years.
  • Acquired 60-minute dynamic (R)-[(11)C]PK11195 positron emission tomography scans.
  • Utilized receptor parametric mapping and supervised cluster analysis to calculate specific binding and reference tissue input function.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated increased binding of (R)-[(11)C]PK11195 with advancing age.
  • Observed increased binding in multiple brain regions including the frontal lobe, cingulate cortex, temporal lobe, insula, hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, thalamus, parietal and occipital lobes, and cerebellum.
  • Indicated the presence of activated microglia in widespread cortical and subcortical areas during healthy aging.

Conclusions:

  • Activated microglia are present in various brain regions during healthy aging.
  • The observed microglial activation suggests significant neuronal loss occurs with age.
  • Positron emission tomography with (R)-[(11)C]PK11195 is a valuable tool for assessing neuroinflammation in aging.