Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Muscles of the Shoulder01:23

Muscles of the Shoulder

The muscles surrounding the shoulder girdle, including the clavicle and scapula, primarily stabilize the scapula. This stable base allows other muscles to move the humerus effectively. Scapular movements often mirror those of the humerus and extend its range of motion. For instance, raising the arm above the head would not be feasible without simultaneous upward rotation of the scapula.
Anterior Thoracic Muscles
The anterior thoracic muscles include the serratus anterior, subclavius, and...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Current Artificial Intelligence Large Language Models Exhibit Sycophantic Behavior in Orthopaedic Contexts.

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume·2026
Same author

The ABCs of shoulder measurements.

Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery·2026
Same author

The impact of three-dimensional planning and navigation on augmented baseplate use and screw length in reverse shoulder arthroplasty.

Shoulder & elbow·2026
Same author

Reassessing the arthroplasty landscape: updated incidence and future projections of shoulder arthroplasty compared with hip and knee arthroplasty in the United States.

Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery·2026
Same author

Current practices of infection prevention for primary shoulder arthroplasty: A survey of American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Society members.

Bulletin of the Hospital for Joint Disease (2013)·2026
Same author

Treatment Alternatives for Displaced Closed Humeral Shaft Fractures: Practical Implications for Shared Decision-Making from a Randomized Pragmatic Trial: Commentary on an article by Cyrill Suter, MD, et al.: " Cost-Effectiveness of Surgery Versus Functional Bracing for Humeral Shaft Fractures in Adults. A Prespecified Economic Evaluation of the Finnish Shaft of the Humerus (FISH) Trial ".

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume·2026
Same journal

Evaluation of Radiograph Parameters Used to Assess Prosthetic Overlengthening in Radial Head Arthroplasty.

Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery·2026
Same journal

Assistant Experience Enhances the Learning Curve in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: A Comparative CUSUM Analysis of Three Surgeons.

Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery·2026
Same journal

Prediction of Acromial and Scapular Spine Fractures After Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty using Machine Learning: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery·2026
Same journal

Simultaneous versus Staged Bilateral Shoulder Replacement: A Matched Cohort Study.

Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery·2026
Same journal

The Humeral Bone Loss (HUMBL) Classification Identifies Patterns of Humeral Bone Loss Associated with Various Revision, Instability, and Humeral Loosening Rates in Primary and Revision Shoulder Arthroplasty.

Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery·2026
Same journal

Letter to Editor for "Clarifying patient follow-up in a cohort study of testosterone levels and adhesive capsulitis".

Journal of shoulder and elbow surgery·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Clinical Efficacy of Small Needle Knife Therapy on Stage I-II Frozen Shoulder
05:52

Clinical Efficacy of Small Needle Knife Therapy on Stage I-II Frozen Shoulder

Published on: November 17, 2023

Frozen shoulder: a consensus definition.

Joseph D Zuckerman1, Andrew Rokito

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY 10003, USA. joseph.zuckerman@med.nyu.edu

Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery
|November 6, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A consensus definition and classification for frozen shoulder (FS) is needed. Most shoulder specialists agreed on a proposed definition and classification system for FS, highlighting its clinical importance.

More Related Videos

Tuina in a Frozen Shoulder Rat Model: An Efficient and Reproducible Protocol
04:28

Tuina in a Frozen Shoulder Rat Model: An Efficient and Reproducible Protocol

Published on: July 21, 2023

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
10:10

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

Published on: July 5, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Clinical Efficacy of Small Needle Knife Therapy on Stage I-II Frozen Shoulder
05:52

Clinical Efficacy of Small Needle Knife Therapy on Stage I-II Frozen Shoulder

Published on: November 17, 2023

Tuina in a Frozen Shoulder Rat Model: An Efficient and Reproducible Protocol
04:28

Tuina in a Frozen Shoulder Rat Model: An Efficient and Reproducible Protocol

Published on: July 21, 2023

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty
10:10

Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty

Published on: July 5, 2011

Area of Science:

  • Orthopaedics
  • Musculoskeletal Medicine

Background:

  • Frozen shoulder (FS) is a prevalent condition managed by various medical professionals.
  • A lack of standardized definition and classification for FS complicates diagnosis and treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a consensus definition and classification for frozen shoulder (FS).
  • To assess agreement among shoulder specialists on a proposed FS definition and classification system.

Main Methods:

  • A survey was distributed to 211 members of the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons.
  • Participants reviewed a proposed definition and classification of FS (primary, secondary, intrinsic, extrinsic, systemic).
  • Responses were collected using a 5-point analog scale, with agreement defined as a score of 4 or 5.

Main Results:

  • A response rate of 90% (190 surgeons) was achieved.
  • 82% agreed with the proposed FS definition, and 85% supported its primary/secondary classification.
  • 66% agreed with the subdivision of secondary FS, and 84% recognized primary/idiopathic FS as a distinct entity.

Conclusions:

  • Developing a consensus definition and classification for FS is beneficial for musculoskeletal specialists.
  • A standardized approach to FS will provide a foundation for broader clinical acceptance and improved patient care.