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Related Concept Videos

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
Different compounds display unique properties due to their...
Directional Relays01:25

Directional Relays

Directional relays, essential for managing unidirectional fault currents, enhance the safety and efficiency of power systems. On power lines equipped with directional relays, faults downstream (to the right) of the current transformer typically cause the fault current to lag the bus voltage by approximately 90 degrees, known as the forward direction. In contrast, upstream (left-side) faults may result in the fault current leading the bus voltage by nearly 90 degrees, termed the reverse...
IR Spectrum01:19

IR Spectrum

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IR Spectrometers01:25

IR Spectrometers

There are two main infrared (IR) spectrophotometers: dispersive IR spectrometers and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometers. In a dispersive IR spectrometer, a beam of infrared radiation produced by a hot wire is divided into two parallel equal-intensity beams using mirrors. One beam passes through the sample, while another is a reference beam. The beams then move through the monochromator, which separates the radiations into a continuous spectrum of different frequencies. The...
Design Example01:23

Design Example

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IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Infrared Degenerate Four-wave Mixing with Upconversion Detection for Quantitative Gas Sensing
10:42

Infrared Degenerate Four-wave Mixing with Upconversion Detection for Quantitative Gas Sensing

Published on: March 22, 2019

Link design for nondirected wireless infrared communications.

J R Barry, J M Kahn

    Applied Optics
    |November 6, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary

    We developed a novel receiver for short-range infrared communication, enhancing data rates to 100 Mbit/s within a 4-m radius. This design significantly outperforms existing systems, even in high background light.

    Area of Science:

    • Optical Engineering
    • Wireless Communication Systems

    Background:

    • Short-range communication systems often face limitations in data rate and performance.
    • Existing infrared (IR) communication systems can be constrained by receiver design and background irradiance.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To optimize the design of a short-range communication system utilizing nondirected line-of-sight IR radiation.
    • To propose and evaluate a novel receiver structure for improved performance.

    Main Methods:

    • Proposed a receiver design featuring a spherical thin-film optical filter and a truncated spherical lens.
    • Optimized the transmitter radiation pattern and receiver optical components.
    • Conducted numerical simulations to assess system performance.

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 7, 2026

    Infrared Degenerate Four-wave Mixing with Upconversion Detection for Quantitative Gas Sensing
    10:42

    Infrared Degenerate Four-wave Mixing with Upconversion Detection for Quantitative Gas Sensing

    Published on: March 22, 2019

    Main Results:

    • The proposed spherical filter system significantly outperforms optimized planar-filter systems.
    • Achieved 100 Mbit/s data rate within a 4-m radius cell using 269 mW transmitted power.
    • Demonstrated high performance even under high background irradiance conditions.

    Conclusions:

    • The novel receiver structure offers superior performance for short-range IR communication.
    • The design allows for arbitrarily narrow filter passbands without compromising the field of view.
    • The optimized system is efficient and effective for high-speed wireless data transmission.