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Related Concept Videos

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy01:26

Phase Contrast and Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Phase-Contrast Microscopes
In-phase-contrast microscopes, interference between light directly passing through a cell and light refracted by cellular components is used to create high-contrast, high-resolution images without staining. It is the oldest and simplest type of microscope that creates an image by altering the wavelengths of light rays passing through the specimen. Altered wavelength paths are created using an annular stop in the condenser. The annular stop produces a hollow cone of...

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Characterization of SiN Integrated Optical Phased Arrays on a Wafer-Scale Test Station
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Published on: April 1, 2020

Iterative optimization of diffractive phase elements simultaneously implementing several optical functions.

M P Chang, O K Ersoy, B Dong

    Applied Optics
    |November 6, 2010
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study advances diffractive optical element design using iterative optimization. Efficient parallel processing on a MASPAR machine enables complex optical functions, like simultaneous wavelength demultiplexing and focusing, with fewer sampling points.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Computational Physics

    Background:

    • Diffractive optical elements (DOEs) offer miniaturization and multifunctionality.
    • Previous work reported initial DOE designs with limited sampling points.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report new results for DOE design using a large number of sampling points.
    • To describe the parallel implementation of an iterative optimization algorithm for complex DOE design.

    Main Methods:

    • Iterative optimization technique for DOE design.
    • Parallel implementation of the algorithm on a MASPAR (single-instruction multiple-data) machine with 16,384 processors.
    • Computer simulations for simultaneous wavelength demultiplexing, focusing, and filtering.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated successful design of DOEs with multiple optical functions.
    • Achieved satisfactory DOE designs using a reduced number of sampling points on the output plane.
    • Validated the efficiency of the parallel algorithm for computationally intensive tasks.

    Conclusions:

    • Iterative optimization combined with parallel computing enables efficient design of complex DOEs.
    • A small number of strategically placed sampling points are sufficient for specifying multi-functional DOE performance.
    • This approach significantly advances the capabilities of diffractive optical element design.