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Psychosurgery, the surgical alteration or permanent removal of brain tissue to alleviate severe psychological conditions, stands as one of the most radical and controversial treatments in the history of mental health care. Its development and application have evolved significantly, marked by dramatic shifts in scientific understanding and ethical perspectives.
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Standards for reporting randomized controlled trials in neurosurgery.

Erin N Kiehna1, Robert M Starke, Nader Pouratian

  • 1Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.

Journal of Neurosurgery
|November 9, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Neurosurgical journals show suboptimal reporting quality in randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Adopting Consolidated Standards for Reporting of Trials (CONSORT) guidelines could significantly improve neurosurgical RCT methodology and reporting.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurosurgery
  • Clinical Trial Methodology
  • Medical Journal Publishing

Background:

  • The Consolidated Standards for Reporting of Trials (CONSORT) criteria were established in 1996 to standardize and enhance the quality of clinical trial reporting.
  • While CONSORT is endorsed by major medical journals, neurosurgical journals have not formally adopted these essential reporting guidelines.
  • This highlights a potential gap in the quality of evidence presented in neurosurgical literature.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the reporting quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) within neurosurgery.
  • To identify factors influencing the quality of reported RCTs in the field.
  • To compare reporting standards between neurosurgical and leading general medical journals.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive review of neurosurgical RCTs published in 2006-2007 across key neurosurgical and general medical journals.
  • Inclusion criteria focused on RCTs addressing operative decision-making or treatment of neurosurgical patients.
  • Quality assessment utilized the Jadad score and the CONSORT checklist for rigorous evaluation.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-seven relevant RCTs for intracranial neurosurgery were identified. Only 59% achieved a Jadad score of 3 or higher.
  • Major medical journals endorsed CONSORT; neurosurgical journals had not adopted the guidelines.
  • RCTs in general medical journals demonstrated significantly higher CONSORT (mean 41 vs. 26.4) and Jadad (mean 3.42 vs. 2.45) scores compared to those in neurosurgical journals.

Conclusions:

  • The reporting quality of randomized controlled trials in neurosurgery remains suboptimal, particularly within specialized neurosurgical journals.
  • Enhanced awareness and adoption of CONSORT guidelines by editors, reviewers, and authors are crucial.
  • Implementing CONSORT standards can substantially improve the methodology and reporting of future neurosurgical RCTs.