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Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Generation of 3D Whole Lung Organoids from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells for Modeling Lung Developmental Biology and Disease
Published on: April 12, 2021
The lung: the natural boundary between nature and nurture
Max A Seibold1, David A Schwartz
1Center for Genes, Environment, and Health, National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado 80206, USA. seiboldm@njhealth.org
Abstract:
Common lung diseases such as asthma, COPD, and pulmonary fibrosis cause significant morbidity and mortality in the U.S. and worldwide. Research investigating the mechanisms of disease etiology has clearly indicated that genetic attributes and environmental exposures each play important roles in the development of these diseases. Emerging evidence underscores the importance of the interplay between genetic predisposition and environmental factors in fully understanding the development of lung disease. Herein we discuss recent advances in knowledge and technology surrounding the role of genetics, the environment, and gene-environment interactions in these common lung diseases.
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