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Updated: Jun 7, 2026

Maintaining Human Glioblastoma Cellular Diversity Ex vivo using Three-Dimensional Organoid Culture
Published on: August 25, 2022
Glioblastoma, cancer stem cells and hypoxia
1Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. ebar1@jhmi.edu
Abstract:
Glioblastoma (GBM) prognosis remains dismal, with most patients succumbing to disease within 1 or 2 years of diagnosis. Recent studies have suggested that many solid tumors, including GBM, are maintained by a subset of cells termed cancer stem cells (CSCs). It has been shown that these cells are inherently radio- and chemotherapy resistant, and may be maintained in vivo in a niche characterized by reduced oxygen tension (hypoxia). This review examines the recently described effects of hypoxia on CSC in GBM, and the potential promise in targeting the hypoxic pathway therapeutically.
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