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Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
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Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate correctly and move to the opposite poles of the cells. This produces daughter cells with abnormal chromosome numbers.  Nondisjunction is common during anaphase I or anaphase II of meiosis.  Mutations in synaptonemal complex proteins that attach homologous chromosomes increase the chances of nondisjunction in anaphase I of meiosis I. In contrast, mutations in topoisomerases and condensins that hold sister...
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Ovarian Cycle

The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle length...
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Adolescent pregnancy in Upper Egypt.

Salah Rasheed1, Allam Abdelmonem, Magdy Amin

  • 1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt. salahrasheed67@yahoo.com

International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics: the Official Organ of the International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
|November 9, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Adolescent pregnancy, especially before 16, significantly raises risks for mothers and newborns. Risks decrease for adolescent mothers after age 16, approaching those of older women.

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Area of Science:

  • Obstetrics and Gynecology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Adolescent pregnancy remains a significant global health concern.
  • Understanding the specific risks and contributing factors in diverse populations is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the underlying reasons for adolescent pregnancy in Upper Egypt.
  • To assess and compare maternal, fetal, and neonatal outcomes in adolescent pregnancies versus adult pregnancies.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study was conducted at Sohag University Hospital, Egypt, from 2005 to 2009.
  • Primigravidae under 30 were categorized into an adolescent group (≤19 years) and a control group (20-30 years).
  • Maternal and neonatal complications were compared, and adolescent participants completed questionnaires on pregnancy motivations.

Main Results:

  • A notable 58.2% of adolescent mothers married with the primary intention of becoming pregnant.
  • Pregnancy in adolescents under 15 was linked to significantly higher rates of ectopic pregnancy, pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, premature rupture of membranes, preterm labor, and cesarean delivery.
  • These elevated risks diminished with increasing age, becoming comparable to the control group after age 16.

Conclusions:

  • Adolescent pregnancy, particularly before age 16, is associated with increased obstetric and neonatal complications.
  • Pregnancy in women aged 16 and above does not appear to carry a significantly higher risk of adverse outcomes compared to older women.
  • Motivations for marriage, such as seeking motherhood, play a role in adolescent pregnancies.