Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Tooth Anatomy

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View

The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...

Overview of the Skull

Overview of the Skull

The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
The cranial vault surrounds and protects the brain and houses the middle and inner ear structures. This cavity is bounded superiorly by the rounded top of the skull, which...

Overview of the Axial Skeleton

Overview of the Axial Skeleton

The skeleton is subdivided into two major divisions—the axial skeleton and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton forms the vertical, central axis of the body. It includes all of the bones of the head, neck, chest, and back. It protects the brain, spinal cord, heart, and lungs. It also serves as the attachment site for muscles that move the head, neck, and back and for muscles that act across the shoulder and hip joints to move their corresponding limbs.
The axial skeleton of the adult...

Sutures of the Skull

Sutures of the Skull

The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The Enamel Organ Tissue Engineering Singularity of 2040.

The International journal of oral & maxillofacial implants·2026

Same author

Scope of Care Is Our Family Medicine Identity.

Family medicine·2026

Same author

The Consensus Reporting Items for Studies in Primary Care (CRISP) Checklist supports family medicine research in South Korea.

Korean journal of family medicine·2026

Same author

Enhancing health research teams with CONTEXTperts.

Journal of clinical and translational science·2026

Same author

The CRISP Translation Guide for Research-Reporting Guidelines.

Annals of family medicine·2026

Same author

Maxillary Complete Arch Oral Implant Treatment for Fixed-Denture Immediate Function.

Atlas of the oral and maxillofacial surgery clinics of North America·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 6, 2026

3D Imaging of PDL Collagen Fibers during Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mandibular Murine Model

3D Imaging of PDL Collagen Fibers during Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mandibular Murine Model

Published on: April 15, 2021

The all on 4 shelf: mandible.

Ole T Jensen¹, Mark W Adams, Jared R Cottam

¹Colorado Tissue Engineering Institute, Greenwood Village, CO, USA. ole.jensen@clearchoice.com

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery : Official Journal of the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons

|November 9, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Full arch alveolar reduction creates a "shelf" for All-on-4 mandibular implant restorations. This technique optimizes implant positioning and fixation for immediate loading prosthetics.

More Related Videos

The Establishment of a Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model

The Establishment of a Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model

Published on: October 27, 2023

Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants

Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants

Published on: May 23, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 6, 2026

3D Imaging of PDL Collagen Fibers during Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mandibular Murine Model

3D Imaging of PDL Collagen Fibers during Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Mandibular Murine Model

Published on: April 15, 2021

The Establishment of a Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model

The Establishment of a Murine Maxillary Orthodontic Model

Published on: October 27, 2023

Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants

Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants

Published on: May 23, 2020

Area of Science:

Dental Implantology
Oral Surgery
Prosthodontics

Background:

All-on-4 implant restorations offer a solution for full-arch rehabilitation.
Achieving optimal implant placement and stability is crucial for immediate load success.

Purpose of the Study:

To present full arch alveolar reduction as a surgical technique to aid All-on-4 implant placement in the mandible.
To describe an osteoplasty technique for creating a stable platform for mandibular implant restorations.

Main Methods:

Osteoplasty is performed to create a flat "shelf" on the alveolar ridge.
This technique facilitates the precise positioning and angulation of implants.
The defined anatomy enhances implant fixation for immediate loading.

Main Results:

The "shelf" approach provides a stable and predictable surface for implant placement.
Optimized implant angulation and position are achieved.
Maximized implant fixation is facilitated, supporting immediate prosthetic loading.

Conclusions:

Full arch alveolar reduction is an effective surgical adjunct for All-on-4 mandibular restorations.
The described osteoplasty technique improves implant stability and prosthetic outcomes.
This method enhances the predictability of immediate load prosthetics in the mandible.